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The two leading modes of winter clear-sky days over China and their formation mechanisms

机译：中国冬季清澈天空的两种主要模式及其形成机制

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摘要

Using gauge data during 1979-2013, the spatial and temporal characteristics of winter clear-sky days (CSDs) in China are investigated. The frequency of winter CSDs in China has two independent and significant modes, which account for 41% and 10% of the total variance, respectively. Based on evidence from observational analysis and numerical experiments, the formation mechanisms of these two leading modes are unraveled. The first mode is a homogenous mode with coherent year-to-year variation of CSDs over most parts of China, and is closely related to a large-scale cyclonic/anticyclonic anomaly over the Asian continent. Anomalous Indian Ocean SST and Arctic sea ice are responsible for the associated large-scale circulation anomalies via inducing a mid-to-high latitude Rossby wave train. The Indian Ocean SST warming can induce wave energy propagation upwards to the stratosphere and then northwards to the polar region, where it moves down to the troposphere and then travels southeastwards from the polar region to East Asia. Meanwhile, the decreased Arctic sea ice can directly induce a Rossby wave train emanating from the polar region that travels southeastwards into East Asia. These two factors jointly lead to a dominant equivalent barotropic cyclonic/anticyclonic anomaly over China, and in turn the homogenous pattern of winter CSDs in the region. The second mode is a seesaw mode with out-of-phase variations of CSDs between northern and southern China. This mode is closely related to a meridional dipole circulation anomaly pattern over the East Asian sector, which is generated by the so-called 'Mega-ENSO' SST anomaly over the Pacific Ocean. This Mega-ENSO SSTA pattern can induce convective heating/cooling over the tropical western Pacific, which further leads to the meridional dipole circulation anomaly pattern over the East Asian sector, resulting in the south-to-north seesaw mode of winter CSDs in China.
机译：在1979 - 2013年期间，使用仪表数据，调查了中国冬季清澈天空日（CSDS）的空间和时间特征。中国冬季CSD的频率有两个独立和重要的模式，分别占总差异的41％和10％。基于来自观察分析和数值实验的证据，解开了这两种前导模式的形成机制。第一种模式是一种同质模式，在中国大多数地区的CSD同期变化，并与亚洲大陆的大规模旋风/反气旋异常密切相关。异常的印度洋SST和北极海冰通过诱导中高纬度罗斯比波列车负责相关的大规模循环异常。印度洋SST变暖可以诱导波浪能量传播到平流层，然后向北到极地区域，在那里它向往到对流层，然后从地区到东亚的地区向东行驶。同时，降低的北极海冰可以直接诱导罗斯比波动火车从东南部到东亚的极地区域发出。这两种因素共同导致了中国占中国占主导地位的辐射旋风分离症/抗湿润异常，并转动该地区冬季CSD的同质模式。第二种模式是跷跷板模式，具有北部和中国南部之间CSD的不相间变化。这种模式与东亚部门的一个子午性偶极循环异常模式密切相关，这些模式由所谓的“巨型ENSO”SST异常在太平洋上产生。这款巨型ENSO SSTA图案可以在热带西部太平洋上诱导对流加热/冷却，从而进一步导致东亚部门的经络偶极循环异常模式，导致中国冬季CSD的南北跷跷板模式。

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  • 来源
    《Climate dynamics》 |2021年第2期|189-205|共17页
  • 作者

    Yan Huiping; Pan Xiao; Zhu Zhiwei; Lu Rui; Li Linfei; Tan Hui;

  • 作者单位

    Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro Joint Int Res Lab Climate & Environm Change ILCEC Key Lab Meteorol Disaster Minist Educ KLME Ningliu Rd 219 Meteorol Bldg Nanjing 210044 Jiangsu Peoples R China;

    Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro Joint Int Res Lab Climate & Environm Change ILCEC Key Lab Meteorol Disaster Minist Educ KLME Ningliu Rd 219 Meteorol Bldg Nanjing 210044 Jiangsu Peoples R China;

    Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro Joint Int Res Lab Climate & Environm Change ILCEC Key Lab Meteorol Disaster Minist Educ KLME Ningliu Rd 219 Meteorol Bldg Nanjing 210044 Jiangsu Peoples R China|Huaihe River Basin Meteorol Ctr Hefei Peoples R China;

    Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro Joint Int Res Lab Climate & Environm Change ILCEC Key Lab Meteorol Disaster Minist Educ KLME Ningliu Rd 219 Meteorol Bldg Nanjing 210044 Jiangsu Peoples R China;

    Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro Joint Int Res Lab Climate & Environm Change ILCEC Key Lab Meteorol Disaster Minist Educ KLME Ningliu Rd 219 Meteorol Bldg Nanjing 210044 Jiangsu Peoples R China;

    Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro Joint Int Res Lab Climate & Environm Change ILCEC Key Lab Meteorol Disaster Minist Educ KLME Ningliu Rd 219 Meteorol Bldg Nanjing 210044 Jiangsu Peoples R China;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Winter clear-sky days; Indian Ocean warming; Arctic sea ice decline; Stratosphere; Mid-to-high latitude Rossby wave train;

    机译：冬天清澈的天空;印度洋变暖;北极海冰下降;平流层;中高纬度罗斯比波列车;

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