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The Role of Falsification in the Development of Cognitive Architectures: Insights from a Lakatosian Analysis

机译：证伪在认知体系结构发展中的作用：来自拉卡托斯分析的见解

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It has been suggested that the enterprise of developing mechanistic theories of the human cognitive architecture is flawed because the theories produced are not directly falsifiable. Newell attempted to sidestep this criticism by arguing for a Lakatosian model of scientific progress in which cognitive architectures should be understood as theories that develop over time. However, Newell's own candidate cognitive architecture adhered only loosely to Lakatosian principles. This paper reconsiders the role of falsification and the potential utility of Lakatosian principles in the development of cognitive architectures. It is argued that a lack of direct falsifiability need not undermine the scientific development of a cognitive architecture if broadly Lakatosian principles are adopted. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the Lakatosian concepts of positive and negative heuristics for theory development and of general heuristic power offer methods for guiding the development of an architecture and for evaluating the contribution and potential of an architecture's research program.
机译：已经提出，发展人类认知体系的机械理论的事业是有缺陷的，因为产生的理论不能直接被证伪。纽维尔（Newell）试图通过主张科学进步的拉卡托斯（Lakatosian）模型来回避这种批评，在这种模型中，认知体系结构应被理解为随着时间而发展的理论。但是，纽厄尔自己的候选认知体系仅宽松地遵守了拉卡托斯原理。本文重新考虑了证伪的作用以及拉卡托斯原理在认知体系发展中的潜在作用。有人认为，如果广泛采用拉卡托斯原理，那么缺乏直接的证伪性就不会破坏认知体系的科学发展。此外，事实证明，拉卡托斯理论发展的正负启发式概念和一般性启发式能力提供了指导体系结构开发以及评估体系结构研究计划的贡献和潜力的方法。

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