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首页> 外文期刊>Cognitive science >What Are You Waiting For? Real-Time Integration of Cues for Fricatives Suggests Encapsulated Auditory Memory
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What Are You Waiting For? Real-Time Integration of Cues for Fricatives Suggests Encapsulated Auditory Memory

机译：你在等什么？摩擦提示的实时集成表明封装的听觉记忆

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Speech unfolds over time, and the cues for even a single phoneme are rarely available simultaneously. Consequently, to recognize a single phoneme, listeners must integrate material over several hundred milliseconds. Prior work contrasts two accounts: (a) a memory buffer account in which listeners accumulate auditory information in memory and only access higher level representations (i.e., lexical representations) when sufficient information has arrived; and (b) an immediate integration scheme in which lexical representations can be partially activated on the basis of early cues and then updated when more information arises. These studies have uniformly shown evidence for immediate integration for a variety of phonetic distinctions. We attempted to extend this to fricatives, a class of speech sounds which requires not only temporal integration of asynchronous cues (the frication, followed by the formant transitions 150-350 ms later), but also integration across different frequency bands and compensation for contextual factors like coarticulation. Eye movements in the visual world paradigm showed clear evidence for a memory buffer. Results were replicated in five experiments, ruling out methodological factors and tying the release of the buffer to the onset of the vowel. These findings support a general auditory account for speech by suggesting that the acoustic nature of particular speech sounds may have large effects on how they are processed. It also has major implications for theories of auditory and speech perception by raising the possibility of an encapsulated memory buffer in early auditory processing.
机译：语音会随着时间的流逝而发展，即使单个音素的线索也很少同时出现。因此，要识别单个音素，听众必须在数百毫秒内整合素材。先前的工作将两个帐户进行对比：（a）一个内存缓冲区帐户，其中侦听器将听觉信息累积在内存中，并且只有在有足够的信息到达时才访问更高级别的表示形式（即词汇表示形式）； （b）一种立即集成方案，其中可以根据早期提示部分激活词汇表述，然后在出现更多信息时进行更新。这些研究一致地显示了各种语音区别可以立即整合的证据。我们尝试将其扩展到摩擦音，这是一类语音，它不仅需要异步提示的暂时整合（摩擦，然后在150-350 ms之后形成共振峰过渡），而且还需要跨不同频带的整合以及对上下文因素的补偿像说声一样。视觉世界范式中的眼睛运动为记忆缓冲提供了清晰的证据。结果在五个实验中重复进行，排除了方法学因素，并将缓冲液的释放与元音的发作联系在一起。这些发现通过暗示特定语音的声学性质可能会对它们的处理方式产生重大影响，从而为语音的一般听觉说明提供了支持。通过提高早期听觉处理中封装的内存缓冲区的可能性，它对听觉和语音感知理论也具有重要意义。

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