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Long-term evaluations of insulated road in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

机译：青藏高原绝缘路的长期评价

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摘要

In order to protect permafrost from further thawing due to human activities, thermal insulation treatment might be the first choice for embankment design in permafrost regions. In 1992, a test roadbed with insulation was built at Kunlun mountains along the Qinghai-Tibetan highway. An insulated and an uninsulated testing section, the later serves as a comparison, were constructed and instrumented in 1995, to evaluate the effect of Extruded polystyrenes (EPS). Ground temperature observations in the recent 8-year period showed that the insulation in embankment worked properly and it may decrease the annual range of ground temperature greatly. We find that there is hardly any change in the thermal conductivity of EPS in 10 years after the embankment construction, which means that environmental factors such as vehicle loading, moisture content, freezing-thawing action, etc. have little effect on the insulation. In addition, the mean temperature rise rate of permafrost underlying the embankment with insulation is smaller than that of permafrost underlying the embankment without insulation over 7 years. Heat budget calculation showed that the heat exchange may decline enormously due to the application of insulation in embankment. Moreover, the insulation method may decrease three quarters of the heat entering into embankments compared with common embankment. Using a finite element method, we analyze the situations, which are suitable for application of the insulation method along Qinghai-Tibetan highway and, furthermore, how to use it.
机译：为了保护多年冻土不因人类活动而进一步融化，隔热处理可能是多年冻土地区路堤设计的首选。 1992年，在青藏公路沿昆仑山建造了一个带绝缘的测试路基。 1995年，建造了一个绝缘的和非绝缘的测试部分，作为比较，并进行了仪器测试，以评估挤出聚苯乙烯（EPS）的效果。最近8年的地温观测表明，路堤的保温工作正常，可能会大大降低地温的年度范围。我们发现，路堤施工10年后EPS的导热系数几乎没有变化，这意味着环境因素（例如车辆载荷，水分含量，冻融作用等）对绝缘的影响很小。此外，在7年的时间里，带保温层的路堤下面的多年冻土的平均升温速率小于没有保温层的路堤下面的多年冻土的平均升温速率。热收支计算表明，由于路堤采用保温材料，热交换量可能会大大下降。而且，与普通路堤相比，绝热方法可以减少进入路堤的热量的四分之三。我们采用有限元方法分析了这种情况，这些情况适合于在青藏公路沿线应用绝缘方法，以及如何使用它。

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