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Sit, Stay, Drive: The Future of Autonomous Car Liability

机译：坐，住，开车：自动驾驶汽车责任的未来

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摘要

Driverless cars have made the jump from fantasy to the physical realm. Technology has evolved to the point where autonomous cars will be a common sight in the very near future. The benefits of autonomous cars are plentiful: increased safety for car passengers, who no longer have to fear drunk, reckless, or distracted drivers, increased productivity for passengers who can use the travel time to accomplish tasks, decreased reliance on fuel as the cars often incorporate solar panels and automatically adjust speed to maximize fuel efficiency, and decreased traffic congestion as the cars can identify upcoming trouble spots and take alternate routes to avoid delay. However, this innovative technology brings with it an unaddressed legal issue: how will legal liability be assessed when these cars collide with other cars, pedestrians, or property? Current law surrounding liability for automobile accidents largely bases liability on the actions of the driver. Similarly, looking to the liability law governing computers does not address the issue either, as the laws base liability on the actions of the operator of the computer system, and the scant laws related to autonomous computer systems apply only to commercial transactions. This article proposes that the solution to this legal issue lies in treating autonomous cars like man's best friend, the dog. Dogs and computers are both treated as chattel under tort law, and are similar in that they can act independently, yet are considered property of another. The laws governing canine ownership show that applying strict liability to autonomous car owners accomplishes the dual purpose of fairly assessing liability without hampering the widespread adoption of this marvelous technology.
机译：无人驾驶汽车已从幻想跃升为现实世界。技术已经发展到了在不久的将来自动驾驶汽车将成为普遍现象的地步。自动驾驶汽车的好处很多：提高了乘车人的安全性，他们不再需要担心酒后驾车，鲁，或分心的驾驶员；提高了可以利用出差时间完成任务的乘客的生产率；减少了对燃料的依赖（像平时一样）合并太阳能电池板并自动调节速度以最大程度地提高燃油效率，并减少交通拥堵，因为汽车可以识别即将到来的故障点并采取替代路线以避免延误。但是，这项创新技术带来了一个未解决的法律问题：当这些汽​​车与其他汽车，行人或财产相撞时，如何评估法律责任？当前有关车祸责任的法律主要基于驾驶员的行为承担责任。同样，寻求管辖计算机的赔偿责任法也无法解决该问题，因为法律基于赔偿责任是基于计算机系统操作员的行为，而与自治计算机系统有关的简易法律仅适用于商业交易。本文提出，解决这一法律问题的方法在于将自动驾驶汽车当作人类的最好朋友狗来对待。根据侵权法，狗和计算机都被视为动产，它们的相似之处在于它们可以独立行动，但被视为他人的财产。有关犬只所有权的法律表明，对自动驾驶汽车拥有者施加严格的赔偿责任可实现公平评估赔偿责任的双重目的，而又不会妨碍这项奇妙技术的广泛采用。

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  • 来源
    《SMU science and technology law review》 |2013年第3期|453-480|共28页
  • 作者

    Sophia H. Duffy; Jamie Patrick Hopkins;

  • 作者单位

    American College in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania. Rutgers University American College in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania. Rutgers University 2002 Temple University;

    American College and the Associate Director of the New York Life Center for Retirement Income;

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