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Towards a generalized competency model of collaborative problem solving

机译：建立协作问题解决的通用能力模型

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Collaborative problem solving (CPS) is an essential skill in the 21st century. There is a need for an appropriate framework and operationalization of CPS to guide its assessment and support and across multiple domains. Accordingly, we synthesized prior research on CPS to construct a generalized CPS competency model (i.e., skills and abilities) consisting of the following core facets: constructing shared knowledge, negotiation/coordination, and maintaining team function. Each facet has two sub-facets, which in turn, have multiple verbal and nonverbal indicators. We validated our model in two empirical studies involving triadic CPS, but in very different contexts - middle-school students playing an educational game in a 3-h, face-to-face session vs. college students engaging in a visual programming task for 20 min via videoconferencing. We used principal component analysis to investigate whether the empirical data aligned with our theorized model. Correlational analyses provided evidence on the orthogonality of the facets and their independence to individual differences in prior knowledge, intelligence and personality and regression analyses indicated that the facets predicted both subjective and objective outcome measures controlling for several covariates. Thus we provide initial evidence for the convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity of our model by using two different CPS contexts and student populations. This shows promise towards generalizing across various human-human CPS interactive environments.
机译：协作问题解决（CPS）是21世纪的一项基本技能。需要一个适当的CPS框架和运作，以指导其评估和支持以及跨多个领域。因此，我们综合了对CPS的先前研究，以构建一个通用的CPS能力模型（即技能和能力），该模型包括以下核心方面：构建共享知识，谈判/协调以及维持团队职能。每个方面都有两个子方面，而子方面又具有多个语言和非语言指标。我们在两项涉及三合会CPS的经验研究中验证了我们的模型，但是在非常不同的情况下-中学生在3小时的面对面会议中玩教育游戏，而大学生则参与了20分钟的视觉编程任务分钟通过视频会议。我们使用主成分分析来研究经验数据是否与我们的理论模型一致。相关分析提供了方面的正交性及其与先验知识，智力和人格中的个体差异的独立性的证据，回归分析表明，方面预测了控制多个协变量的主观和客观结果量度。因此，通过使用两个不同的CPS情境和学生群体，我们为模型的收敛性，判别性和预测有效性提供了初步证据。这表明有望在各种人机交互的CPS交互环境中进行推广。

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