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The urban heat island effect and city contiguity

机译：城市热岛效应与城市连续性

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The spatial configuration of cities can affect how urban environments alter local energy balances. Previous studies have reached the paradoxical conclusions that both sprawling and high-density urban development can amplify urban heat island intensities, which has prevented consensus on how best to mitigate the urban heat island effect via urban planning. To investigate this apparent dichotomy, we estimated the urban heat island intensities of the 50 most populous cities in the United States using gridded minimum temperature datasets and quantified each city's urban morphology with spatial metrics. The results indicated that the spatial contiguity of urban development, regardless of its density or degree of sprawl, was a critical factor that influenced the magnitude of the urban heat island effect. A ten percentage point increase in urban spatial contiguity was predicted to enhance the minimum temperature annual average urban heat island intensity by between 03 and 0.4 degrees C. Therefore, city contiguity should be considered when devising strategies for urban heat island mitigation, with more discontiguous development likely to ameliorate the urban heat island effect. Unraveling how urban morphology influences urban heat island intensity is paramount given the human health consequences associated with the continued growth of urban populations in the future. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：城市的空间配置会影响城市环境如何改变当地的能源平衡。先前的研究得出了自相矛盾的结论，即蔓延和高密度的城市发展都可以放大城市的热岛强度，这使人们无法就如何通过城市规划最好地减轻城市热岛效应达成共识。为了调查这种明显的二分法，我们使用网格化的最低温度数据集估算了美国50个人口最多的城市的城市热岛强度，并使用空间指标量化了每个城市的城市形态。结果表明，城市发展的空间连续性，无论其密度或扩张程度如何，都是影响城市热岛效应强度的关键因素。预测城市空间连续性增加10个百分点将使最低温度年度平均城市热岛强度提高03至0.4摄氏度。因此，在制定城市热岛缓解策略时应考虑城市连续性，并提出更多的不连续性可能会改善城市的热岛效应。考虑到与未来城市人口的持续增长有关的人类健康后果，弄清城市形态如何影响城市热岛强度至关重要。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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