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The core cadastral domain model

机译：核心地籍域模型

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摘要

A standardized core cadastral domain model (CCDM), covering land registration and cadastre in a broad sense (multipurpose cadastre), will serve at least two important goals: (1) Avoid reinventing and re-implementing the same functionality over and over again, but provide a extensible basis for efficient and effective cadastral system development based on a model driven architecture (MDA), and (2) enable involved parties, both within one country and between different countries, to communicate based on the shared ontology implied by the model. The second goal is very important for creating standardized information services in an international context, where land administration domain semantics have to be shared between countries (in order to enable needed translations). This paper presents an overview of the core cadastral domain model and its developments over the last 4 years. The model has been developed in a set of versions, which were each time adjusted based on the discussions at workshops with international experts and the experience from case studies in several countries of the world (Netherlands, El Salvador, Bolivia, Denmark, Sweden, Portugal, Greece, Australia, Nepal, Egypt, Iceland, and several African and Arab countries). Important conditions during the design of the model were and still are: should cover the common aspects of cadastral registrations all over the world, should be based on the conceptual framework of Cadastre 2014, should follow the international ISO and OGC standards, and at the same time the model should be as simple as possible in order to be useful in practise. Besides presenting the CCDM itself this paper represents an important new wave in geo-information standardization: after the domain independent basic geo-information standards (current series of ISO and OGC standards), the new standards based on specific domains will now be developed. Due to historical differences between countries (and regions) similar domains, such as the cadastral domain, may be modeled differently and therefore non-trivial harmonisation has to be done first. The presented CCDM is a result of this harmonisation and one of the first presented examples of semantic geo-information domain standards. Besides the three well-known concepts, Parcel, Person and Right, at the class level the model also includes immovables such as Building and OtherRegisterObject (geometry of easement, like a right of way, protected region, legal space around utility object, etc.) and the following concepts: Source-Document such as SurveyDocument or LegalDocument (e.g. deed or title), Responsibilities, Restrictions (defined as Rights by other Person than the one having the ownership Right) and Mortgages.
机译：广义上涵盖土地注册和地籍（多用途地籍）的标准化核心地籍域模型（CCDM）将至少满足两个重要目标：（1）避免一再重复发明和重新实现相同的功能，但是为基于模型驱动的体系结构（MDA）的高效地籍系统开发提供了可扩展的基础，并且（2）使一个国家内或不同国家之间的参与方能够基于模型隐含的共享本体进行通信。第二个目标对于在国际环境中创建标准化的信息服务非常重要，在国际环境中，必须在国家之间共享土地管理域的语义（以便进行所需的翻译）。本文概述了核心地籍域模型及其在过去四年中的发展。该模型已开发为一组版本，每次都根据与国际专家在研讨会上的讨论以及世界多个国家（荷兰，萨尔瓦多，玻利维亚，丹麦，瑞典，葡萄牙）的案例研究的经验进行调整。 ，希腊，澳大利亚，尼泊尔，埃及，冰岛以及几个非洲和阿拉伯国家）。模型设计过程中的重要条件过去和现在仍然是：应涵盖全世界地籍注册的共同方面，应基于Cadastre 2014的概念框架，应遵循国际ISO和OGC标准，同时在实践中，模型应尽可能简单。除了介绍CCDM本身之外，本文还代表了地理信息标准化的一个重要新潮流：在独立于领域的基本地理信息标准（当前的ISO和OGC标准系列）之后，现在将开发基于特定领域的新标准。由于国家（和地区）之间的历史差异，相似的域（例如地籍域）的建模可能有所不同，因此必须首先进行非平凡的协调。提出的CCDM是这种协调的结果，并且是最早提出的语义地理信息域标准示例之一。除了三个众所周知的概念，宗地，人和权利，在类级别上，模型还包括诸如建筑物和OtherRegisterObject（地役权的几何形状，如通行权，受保护区域，实用程序对象周围的合法空间等）之类的不动产。 ）和以下概念：源文件，例如SurveyDocument或LegalDocument（例如契约或所有权），责任，限制（定义为拥有所有权的人以外的其他人的权利）和抵押。

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