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An Eulerian-Lagrangian approach for simulating explosions of energetic devices

机译：欧拉-拉格朗日方法，用于模拟高能设备爆炸

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摘要

An approach for the simulation of explosions of "energetic devices" is described. In this context, an energetic device is a metal container filled with a high explosive (HE). Examples include bombs, mines, rocket motors or containers used in storage and transport of HE material. Explosions may occur due to detonation or deflagration of the HE material, with initiation resulting from either mechanical or thermal input. This approach is applicable to a wide range of fluid-structure interaction scenarios, the application to energetic devices is chosen because it demonstrates the full capability of this methodology. Simulations of this type are characterized by a number of interesting and challenging behaviors. These include the transformation of the solid HE into highly pressurized gaseous products that initially occupy regions which formerly contained only solid material. This rapid pressurization of the container leads to large deformations at high strain rates and eventual case rupture. Once the container breaks apart, the highly pressurized product gas that escapes the failing container generates shock waves that propagate through the initially quiescent surrounding fluid. The approach, which uses a finite-volume, multi-material compressible CFD formulation, within which solid materials are represented using a particle method known as the Material Point Method, is described, including certain of the sub-grid models required to close the governing equations. Results are first presented for "rate stick" and "cylinder test" scenarios, each of which involves detonating unconfined and confined HE material, respectively. Experimental data are available for these configurations and as such they serve as validation tests. Finally, results from an unvalidated "fast cookoff" simulation in which the HE is initiated by thermal input, which causes deflagration, are shown.
机译：描述了一种模拟“高能设备”爆炸的方法。在这种情况下，高能设备是装满高爆炸物（HE）的金属容器。例子包括炸弹，地雷，火箭发动机或用于储存和运输HE材料的容器。爆炸可能是由于HE材料的爆炸或爆燃引起的，爆炸的起因是机械或热输入。这种方法适用于各种流体-结构相互作用的情况，因此选择了在高能设备上的应用，因为它证明了这种方法的全部功能。这种类型的模拟的特征是许多有趣且具有挑战性的行为。其中包括将固体HE转变为高压气态产物，这些气态产物最初占据了以前仅包含固体物质的区域。容器的这种快速加压导致在高应变率下发生大变形，并最终导致外壳破裂。一旦容器破裂，逃逸出故障容器的高压气体会产生冲击波，该冲击波会通过最初的静态周围流体传播。描述了使用有限体积，多材料可压缩CFD公式的方法，其中使用称为“材料点方法”的粒子方法表示固体材料，其中包括关闭控制所需的某些子网格模型。方程。首先介绍“速率棒”和“汽缸测试”方案的结果，每种方案分别涉及引爆未约束和受限的HE材料。实验数据可用于这些配置，因此它们可用作验证测试。最后，显示了未经验证的“快速蒸煮”模拟的结果，在该模拟中，HE是通过热输入启动的，这会引起爆燃。

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