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首页> 外文期刊>Coordination chemistry reviews >Over the LEC rainbow: Colour and stability tuning of cyclometallated iridium(III) complexes in light-emitting electrochemical cells
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Over the LEC rainbow: Colour and stability tuning of cyclometallated iridium(III) complexes in light-emitting electrochemical cells

机译：在LEC彩虹上：发光电化学电池中环金属化铱（III）配合物的颜色和稳定性调整

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This review surveys the design of cyclometallated iridium(III) complexes for applications in light emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). Typical iridium-containing ionic transition metal complexes (Ir-iTMCs) are of the general type [Ir(C<^>N)(2)(N<^>N)](+) where H(C<^>N) is a cyclometallating ligand and N<^>N is a 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) or related, chelating ligand. In a more recently introduced series of emitters, the N<^>N ligand has been replaced by a heterocyclic carbene. Since single component white-light emitting LECs are difficult to design, a more common approach is through colour-mixing. Colour-tuning of [Ir(C<^>N)(2)(N<^>N)](+) emissions is achieved by manipulation of the C<^>N and/or NAN units because the HOMO and LUMO are, respectively, localized on the Ir/C<^>N or N<^>N domains. This review surveys synthetic strategies to Ir-iTMCs and illustrates the way in which ligand design can address emission colour and LEC stability. We consider the different approaches used to obtain blue-emitters; highly efficient and stable deep-blue emitters are required to complement the wide variety of orange emitting ir-iTMCs for application in white-light devices. We also review the ways in which deep-red-emitting Ir-iTMCs are accessed. In addition to targeting changes in the Ir-iTMC band-gap and therefore the colour of the emission, ligand-design is critical to improving LEC stability and turn-on times; only a handful of stable deep-red-emitting LECs have been reported. One successful strategy for improving device lifetime is the introduction of intra-cation pi-stacking interactions which protect the iridium metal centre in the excited state of the complex; however, a wide range of investigations suggests that the choice of stacked rings is significant and that the involvement of the cyclometallated ring(s) may be important. There are now many data to confirm that the presence of peripheral bulky substituents is beneficial, resulting in greater spatial separation of the ir-iTMC cations in the solid state which, in turn, reduces self-quenching. Finally, we comment on why it is often difficult to legitimately compare results of different investigations of LEC performances. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：本文综述了用于发光电化学电池（LEC）的环金属化铱（III）配合物的设计。典型的含铱离子过渡金属络合物（Ir-iTMCs）的一般类型为[Ir（C ^ N）（2）（N ^ N）]（+），其中H（C ^ N） R 2是环金属化配体，并且N N是2，2′-联吡啶（bpy），1，10-菲咯啉（phen）或相关的螯合配体。在最近引入的一系列发射体中，N ^ N配体已被杂环卡宾所取代。由于难以设计单组分发白光的LEC，因此更常见的方法是通过颜色混合。 [Ir（C ^ N）（2）（N ^ N）]（+）发射的颜色调整是通过操纵C ^ N和/或NAN单元实现的，因为HOMO和LUMO是分别位于Ir / C ^ N或N ^ N个域上。这篇综述调查了Ir-iTMC的合成策略，并说明了配体设计可以解决发射颜色和LEC稳定性的方法。我们考虑了用于获得蓝光的不同方法。需要高效且稳定的深蓝色发射器，以补充用于白光设备的各种橙色发射ir-iTMC。我们还将回顾深红色发射Ir-iTMC的访问方式。除了针对Ir-iTMC带隙的变化并因此改变发射的颜色外，配体设计对于提高LEC稳定性和开启时间也至关重要。据报道只有少数稳定的深红色发射LEC。延长器件寿命的一种成功策略是引入阳离子内π堆积反应，该反应在复合物的激发态下保护铱金属中心。然而，广泛的研究表明，堆叠环的选择是重要的，并且环金属化环的参与可能是重要的。现在有许多数据证实存在外围的大取代基是有益的，从而导致ir-iTMC阳离子在固态下具有更大的空间分离性，进而减少了自猝灭。最后，我们评论为什么通常很难合理地比较LEC表现的不同调查结果。 （C）2017 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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