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Heterogeneity in the CD4 T Cell Compartment and the Variability of Neonatal Immune Responsiveness

机译：CD4 T细胞隔室的异质性和新生儿免疫反应性的变异性

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Over the past decade, it has become clear that T cell immune responses in both murine and human neonates are very heterogeneous, running the gamut from poor or deviant responsiveness to mature, adult-like inflammatory function. How this variability arises is not well understood but there is now a great deal of information suggesting that differences in the T cell compartments in neonates vs adults play important roles. A number of cell types or processes are qualitatively or quantitatively different in the neonate. These include (a) alternate epigenetic programs at the Th2 cytokine locus, (b) enhanced homeostatic proliferation, (c) a relative abundance of fetal-origin cells, (d) a greater representation of recent thymic emigrants, (e) high proportions of potentially self-reactive cells, (f) a developmental delay in the production of regulatory T cells, and (g) cells bearing TCR with limited N region diversity. Different conditions of antigen exposure may lead to different environmental signals that promote the selective responsiveness of one or more of these populations. Therefore, the variability of neonatal responses may be a function of the heterogeneous nature of the responding T cell population. In this review, we will describe these various subpopulations in detail and speculate as to the manner in which they could contribute to the heterogeneity of neonatal immune responses.
机译：在过去的十年中，已经清楚的是，鼠类和人类新生儿中的T细胞免疫反应非常异质，范围从不良或异常反应到成熟的成人炎症功能。这种可变性如何产生尚不清楚，但现在有大量信息表明，新生儿与成人之间的T细胞区室差异起重要作用。新生儿中许多细胞类型或过程在质量或数量上都不同。这些包括（a）Th2细胞因子基因座的替代表观遗传程序，（b）体内稳态增殖增强，（c）胎儿起源细胞的相对丰富，（d）近期有胸腺迁徙者的较大代表，（e）高比例的胸腺移出物（f）调节性T细胞生产的发育延迟，以及（g）带有有限N区多样性的TCR细胞。抗原暴露的不同条件可能导致不同的环境信号，从而促进这些人群中一个或多个人群的选择性反应。因此，新生儿反应的变异性可能是反应性T细胞群体异质性的函数。在这篇综述中，我们将详细描述这些不同的亚群，并推测它们可能如何促进新生儿免疫应答的异质性。

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