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Serotonin as a Modulator of Immune Function: An Overview

机译：5-羟色胺作为免疫功能调节剂：概述

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摘要

The CNS and immune system interact in a reciprocal manner through a wide variety of common mediators including neurotransmitters and cytokines. Among the former, serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine = 5-HT) plays a major role in the control of neuronal activity. It may also control the level of cytokines and lymphocyte proliferation. 5-HT is synthesized and released in the circulation by enterochromaffin cells from gastric and intestinal mucosa. Under inflammatory conditions such as thrombosis and ischemia, the activated platelets release 5-HT at the site of inflammation and lead to an increase in its local concentration. In addition to its possible interaction with blood cells, 5-HT may also interact with the inflamed tissue macrophages through its various receptors. Accordingly, 5-HT transporters and 5-HT receptor subtypes have been characterized in different blood cells. This review provides an overview of reported data on the regulatory role of 5-HT on the activity of peripheral blood cells. Such role includes both immunostimulatory and immunoinhibitory effects based on 5-HT concentration and its cellular target. In the light of recent data, this review also speculates on the intracellular processes (i.e. MAP kinases), which are activated by 5-HT suggesting neuromodulatory function.
机译：中枢神经系统和免疫系统通过包括神经递质和细胞因子在内的多种常见介质以相互的方式相互作用。在前者中，血清素（5-羟色胺= 5-HT）在控制神经元活动中起主要作用。它还可以控制细胞因子和淋巴细胞增殖的水平。 5-HT由胃和肠粘膜的肠嗜铬细胞合成并在循环中释放。在诸如血栓形成和局部缺血的炎性条件下，活化的血小板在炎性部位释放5-HT并导致其局部浓度增加。 5-HT除了可能与血细胞相互作用外，还可能通过其各种受体与发炎的组织巨噬细胞相互作用。因此，已经在不同的血细胞中表征了5-HT转运蛋白和5-HT受体亚型。这篇综述概述了5-HT对外周血细胞活性的调节作用的报道数据。这种作用包括基于5-HT浓度及其细胞靶标的免疫刺激和免疫抑制作用。根据最近的数据，该评论还推测了由5-HT激活的细胞内过程（即MAP激酶），提示神经调节功能。

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