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Chemokines and Malaria Infection

机译：趋化因子和疟疾感染

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Malaria is a devastating disease of the tropics, with an estimated 3.2 billion people exposed to the threat of malaria. There are 1-3 million deaths annually, mostly of children in sub-Saharan Africa. Deaths due to malaria often arise from complications of Plasmodium falciparum infection, particularly cerebral malaria, but difficulties during pregnancy also contribute to the high incidence of morbidity and mortality. Cytokines are known to play a major role in the pathogenesis of severe malaria, which is generally considered to be an immunopathological process. Chemokines are a family of chemotactic cytokines, with diverse roles that include cellular trafficking and neuronal signaling. Studies on chemokines in malaria infection indicate that they may be important mediators of the immune response to malaria. There is also evidence to suggest that chemokines are involved in the recruitment of leukocytes to the placenta during pregnancyassociated malaria, and also to the brain during cerebral malaria. Chemokines and infiltrating leukocytes can contribute to the severe manifestations of malaria through the actions of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators, for example, low birth weight in placental malaria, and neurological symptoms in cerebral malaria.
机译：疟疾是热带地区的毁灭性疾病，估计有32亿人面临疟疾的威胁。每年有1-3百万人死亡，其中大部分是撒哈拉以南非洲的儿童。疟疾导致的死亡通常是由恶性疟原虫感染（尤其是脑部疟疾）的并发症引起的，但是怀孕期间的困难也导致发病率和死亡率的高发生。已知细胞因子在严重疟疾的发病机理中起主要作用，通常认为这是免疫病理过程。趋化因子是趋化性细胞因子家族，具有多种作用，包括细胞运输和神经元信号传导。对疟疾感染中趋化因子的研究表明，它们可能是对疟疾免疫反应的重要介体。也有证据表明趋化因子在妊娠相关的疟疾期间与白细胞募集到胎盘有关，在脑疟疾期间也与白细胞募集有关。趋化因子和浸润性白细胞可通过细胞因子和其他炎症介质（例如胎盘疟疾中的低出生体重和脑部疟疾的神经系统症状）的作用而导致疟疾的严重表现。

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