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首页> 外文期刊>Cybernetics & Human Knowing >Combining Luhmann and Actor-Network Theory to See Farm Enterprises as Self-organizing Systems
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Combining Luhmann and Actor-Network Theory to See Farm Enterprises as Self-organizing Systems

机译：结合卢曼和演员网络理论将农场企业视为自组织系统

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From a rural, sociological point of view no social theories have so far been able to grasp the ontological complexity and special character of a farm enterprise as an entity in a really satisfying way. The contention of this paper is that a combination of Luhmann's theory of social systems and the actor-network theory (ANT) of Latour, Callon, and Law offers a new and radical framework for understanding a farm as a self-organizing, heterogeneous system. Luhmann's theory offers an approach to understand a farm as a self-organizing system (operating in meaning) that must produce and reproduce itself through demarcation from the surrounding world by selection of meaning. The meaning of the system is expressed through the goals, values, and logic of the farming processes. This theory is, however, less useful when studying the heterogeneous character of a farm as a mixture of biology, sociology, technology, and economy. ANT offers an approach to focus on the heterogeneous network of interactions of human and non-human actors, such as knowledge, technology, money, farmland, animals, plants, etcetera; and how these interactions depend on both the quality of the actors and the network context of interaction. But the theory is weak when it comes to explaining the self-organizing character of a farm enterprise. Using Peirce's general semiotics as a platform, the two theories in combination open a new and radical framework for multidisciplinary studies of farm enterprises that may serve as a platform for communication between the different disciplines and approaches.
机译：从农村的社会学角度来看，到目前为止，还没有社会理论能够以一种真正令人满意的方式来掌握作为一个整体的农场企业的本体论复杂性和特殊性。本文的论点是，卢曼的社会系统理论与拉图尔，卡伦和法的行为者网络理论（ANT）的结合，为将农场理解为一个自组织，异质的系统提供了新的激进框架。卢曼的理论提供了一种方法，可以将农场理解为一种自我组织的系统（在意义上运作），该系统必须通过选择意义与周围世界划界来产生和繁殖自己。该系统的含义通过耕作过程的目标，价值和逻辑来表达。但是，当研究农场的生物学，社会学，技术和经济的异质性时，该理论的用处不大。 ANT提供了一种方法来关注人类和非人类参与者之间的相互作用的异构网络，例如知识，技术，金钱，农田，动物，植物等。以及这些交互如何取决于参与者的素质和交互的网络环境。但是，在解释农场企业的自组织特征时，该理论很薄弱。两种理论都以皮尔斯（Peirce）的通用符号学为平台，为农产品企业的多学科研究开辟了一个崭新而激进的框架，可以作为不同学科和方法之间交流的平台。

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