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Paradigm Shifts in Cultural Systems: A Review of Understanding Media Semiotics

机译：文化系统的范式转变：对媒介符号学理解的回顾

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摘要

In coming to terms with the seemingly paradoxical couplet, cultural systems, the work of Toronto scholars has been paramount. In the twentieth century, Innis, McLuhan, Havelock, and Ong made massive contributions to the apprehension of relations between technology and consciousness. Although the endeavours of the Toronto School have had reverberations around much of the humanities and even in parts of the sciences, the longevity of their welcome has been greatest in the field which they had a large part in setting up: Media Studies. The study of the media in the West has grown exponentially in the final decades of the twentieth century, with thousands of students graduating with degrees in Media Studies or related subjects. Yet, especially in its main constituencies, Northern Europe and North America, Media Studies is currently at an impasse. Following the demise of the "mass culture" paradigm (Adorno & Horkheimer, 1973; Leavis, 1930) and its supersession by a structuralism which was, in truth, a quasi-semiology, study of the media has found itself between two stools since the late 1980s. On the one hand, semiological textual analysis has been criticized for an overly instrumental understanding of the users of media. And in the process of championing the study of readers' meanings, critiques of the semiological turn in media study have too frequently conflated it, in an entirely erroneous fashion, with semiotics (Fiske, 1987). On the other hand, reader-orientated study of the media has been broadly attacked by critics within the field who do not wish it to lose sight of questions of political economy and ideology (Curran, 1990).
机译：在看似矛盾的对联，文化体系方面，多伦多学者的工作至关重要。在20世纪，Innis，McLuhan，Havelock和Ong为理解技术与意识之间的关系做出了巨大贡献。尽管多伦多学派的努力在大多数人文学科甚至部分科学领域都产生了反响，但他们的欢迎的长寿在他们建立的很大一部分领域中是最大的：媒体研究。在二十世纪的最后几十年，西方对媒体的研究呈指数增长，成千上万的学生获得了媒体研究或相关学科的学位。然而，尤其是在其主要选区北欧和北美，媒体研究目前处于僵局。随着“大众文化”范式的消亡（Adorno＆Horkheimer，1973； Leavis，1930），结构主义（实际上是准符号学）取代了它，自那时以来，对媒体的研究就发现自己处于两大类之间。 1980年代后期。一方面，批评符号学的文本分析是对媒体用户的工具性过度理解。在倡导读者意义研究的过程中，对媒体研究中符号学转向的批评常常以一种完全错误的方式将其与符号学联系起来（Fiske，1987）。另一方面，以读者为导向的媒体研究遭到了该领域批评家的广泛抨击，他们不希望媒体忽视政治经济学和意识形态问题（Curran，1990）。

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  • 来源
    《Cybernetics & Human Knowing》 |2004年第2期|p.89-91|共3页
  • 作者

    Paul Cobley;

  • 作者单位

    Communications, Sir John Cass Department of Art, Media and Design, London Metropolitan University, 31 Jewry Street, London EC3N 2EY, UK;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 社会科学总论;
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