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Information Technology Project Escalation: A Process Model

机译：信息技术项目升级：过程模型

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摘要

Information technology (IT) project escalation is a common and costly problem. While much is known about the factors that promote escalation behavior, little is known about the actual escalation process. This article uses an in-depth case study to construct a process model of escalation, consisting of three phases: drift, unsuccessful incremental adaptation, and rationalized continuation. Each phase encompasses several within-phase escalation catalysts and the model also identifies triggering conditions that promote transition from one phase to the next: project framing (antecedent condition), problem emergence, increased problem visibility, and imminent threat to project continuation (triggering the outcome deescalation). The results show that escalation is not necessarily the result of collective belief in the infallibility of a project. Rather, escalation results from continued unsuccessful coping with problems that arise during a project. Furthermore, the results suggest that the seeds of escalation are sown early: the very manner in which a project is framed contributes to whether or not the project will become prone to escalation. As problems ensue, repeated mismatches between attempted remedies and underlying problems contribute to fueling the escalation process. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
机译：信息技术（IT）项目升级是一个常见且代价高昂的问题。尽管对促进升级行为的因素知之甚少，但对实际的升级过程知之甚少。本文使用深入的案例研究来构建逐步升级的过程模型，该模型包括三个阶段：漂移，不成功的增量适应和合理化的延续。每个阶段都包含多个阶段内升级催化剂，并且该模型还确定了促使从一个阶段过渡到下一阶段的触发条件：项目框架（先验条件），问题出现，问题可见性增加以及对项目持续性的迫在眉睫（触发结果）降级）。结果表明，升级不一定是对项目的无误性的集体信念的结果。相反，升级是由于持续不成功地应对项目期间出现的问题而导致的。此外，结果表明，升级的种子已经过早播种：项目的构架方式有助于项目是否易于升级。随着问题的到来，尝试的补救措施与潜在问题之间的反复失配助长了升级过程。讨论了对研究和实践的意义。

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