Summary of Seven Lectures by Dr. Muhammad Iqbal

AFTAB AHMAD KHAN

摘要

The whole purpose of the book revolves around its 6th chapter The Principle of Movement in the Structure of Islam", where Iqbal has stressed upon the use of ijtihad, which is a lost practice due to reasons which I have already mentioned. He points out that the Muslim thought and theology needed reshaping in order for them to understand and practice their religion as defined by the Qur'an. The style adopted by the author is theoretical, as he uses philosophy with a comprehensive combination of Islam and science to explain his point of view. This combination explains all points of view from different angles, hence is popular with all sorts of readers. If you believe that the Holy Prophet is the last apostle and that the divine revelations only were sent to him last time, the end of the supernatural ultimately follows. With the efid of the supernatural, the traditional ways to understand and interpret religion should be considered obsolete, and new ways of understanding religion should be considered. The application of science in order to get a grip of reality provides today's reader with a more adequate method to comprehend religion. Even though Iqbal stresses on this point, he still uses Qur'anic verses and sufic words to explain the reality of this universe and God, its creator. This methodology used by Iqbal provides the reader with rationalism as well as religious conservatism. To get a comprehensive overview on religion, established religious dogmas should be given weight. Even though the blend of science and philosophy seems to be a comprehensive methodology, excessive use of philosophy for reasons to criticize theories of physics may be viewed differently. For example, Iqbal, in his second lecture challenges the theory of matter and Einstein's theory of relativity, as quoted in his own words "The empirical- attitude which appeared to necessitate scientific materialism has finally ended in a revolt against matter". Iqbal has tried to open up the minds but he is not rigid in his approach, as Iqbal himself has said in the "Preface" to the "Lectures" that: "In these lectures I propose to undertake a philosophical discussion of some of the basic of ideas of Islam, in the hope that this may, at least, be helpful towards a proper understanding of the meaning of Islam as a message to humanity. Also with a view to give a kind of ground-outline for further discussion... "It must, however, be remembered that there is no such thing as finality in Philosophical thinkings. As knowledge advances and fresh avenues of thought are opened, other view, and probably sounder views than those set forth in these lectures are possible"....... "Our duty is carefully to watch the progress of human thought, and to maintain an independent critical attitude towards it". "It must, however, be remembered that there is no such thing as finality in Philosophical thinkings. As knowledge advances and fresh avenues of thought are opened, other view, and probably sounder views than those set forth in these lectures are possible". "Our duty is carefully to watch the progress of human thought, and to maintain an independent critical attitude towards it". It is hoped that this effort to introduce, "Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam" the intellectual work of Igbal would generate interest in the present generation to take a leap forward to achieve higher goals. These lectures offer food for thought and courageously challenge the status quo. The present turmoil and extremism which has devastated the foundations of unity of Muslim Ummah. could have been avoided if due importance was given to the thoughts of Iqbal. Instead of meeting the challenges of modem era as pointed out by Iqbal 86 years ago. Muslim intellectuals are still looking for a counter narrative against this menace?

机译：这本书的整个目的围绕着第六章《伊斯兰结构中的运动原理》，伊克巴尔在该章中强调使用ijtihad，由于我已经提到的原因，这是一种迷失的做法。他指出穆斯林的思想和神学需要重塑，以使他们能够理解和实践古兰经所定义的宗教；作者所采用的风格是理论性的，因为他结合了伊斯兰和科学的综合哲学来解释他的观点。这种组合从不同角度解释了所有观点，因此受到各种读者的欢迎。如果您认为圣先知是最后的使徒，而神圣的启示只是在上一次发送给他的时候，最终，超自然现象随之而来，传统的理解和解释宗教的方式应该被认为是过时的，而新的理解宗教的方式应该被认为是过时的。考虑过的。为了掌握现实而应用科学为当今的读者提供了一种更充分的理解宗教的方法。尽管伊克巴尔（Iqbal）强调这一点，但他仍然使用古兰经经文和虚词来解释这个宇宙及其创造者上帝的现实。伊克巴尔使用的这种方法论为读者提供了理性主义以及宗教保守主义。为了获得有关宗教的全面概述，应重视已建立的宗教教条。尽管科学与哲学的融合似乎是一种全面的方法论，但出于批判物理学理论的原因而过度使用哲学可能会有所不同。例如，伊克巴尔（Iqbal）在他的第二次演讲中对物质理论和爱因斯坦的相对论提出了挑战，用他自己的话说：“看来需要科学唯物主义的经验态度最终以对物质的反叛告终”。依卡巴尔（Iqbal）试图开放思想，但他的态度并不拘泥，正如依卡巴尔本人在“演讲”的“序言”中所说的那样：“在这些演讲中，我建议对一些基本知识进行哲学讨论。伊斯兰的思想，希望这至少有助于正确理解伊斯兰作为对人类的信息的含义，并为进一步的讨论提供基础的基础... “但是，必须记住，哲学思想中没有终结性之类的东西。随着知识的进步和思想的新途径的开放，可能有其他观点，并且可能有比这些讲座中阐述的观点更深刻的观点。” .......“我们的职责是认真观察人类思想的进步，并保持对此的独立批判态度。”“但是，必须记住，哲学思想中没有终结性之类的东西。随着知识的进步和崭新的思想途径的开放，可能有其他观点，以及与这些讲座所提出的观点相比更合理的观点。”“我们的职责是认真观察人类思想的进步，并保持独立的批判态度希望这项旨在介绍“伊格巴尔的知识分子工作”的努力将引起伊格巴尔的知识分子对当代人的兴趣，从而为实现更高的目标而向前迈进。这些讲座可为人们提供思想和勇气的食粮。如果对伊克巴尔的思想给予应有的重视，本来可以避免目前破坏了乌玛穆斯林统一基础的动荡和极端主义，而不是像伊克巴尔那样指出迎接现代时代的挑战86多年前，穆斯林知识分子仍在寻找反击这种威胁的叙述吗？

Summary of Seven Lectures by Dr. Muhammad Iqbal

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