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Vernacular Press: A Historical Perspective

机译：白话出版社：历史的视角

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摘要

Since independence, in the last fifty years, there has been a tremendous increase in the number of newspapers and periodicals published from all areas of Pakistan. Majority of these are in the national language, Urdu while a small number are in English. The newspapers are not only the source of news but also of opinion of various editors, columnists, freelance journalists, writers and thinkers. Over the years, one notices a subtle change where the Urdu and English press have gradually shifted into their own separate and distinct corners. The Urdu press caters to the vast majority of literate and semi-literate masses while the English press to the small but vocal and influential minority which includes both the ruling elites and their vocal critics. Last fifteen years has seen a sharper distinction between not only the reporting of news but of the opinion regarding problems affecting the society at large. This evolution in the Indo-Pakistan context is not new and has historic precedents. In addition to this change, the rapid expansion of satellite television channels has also revolutionized the communication arena.
机译：自独立以来，在过去的五十年中，巴基斯坦各个地区出版的报纸和期刊的数量大大增加。其中大多数使用本国语言乌尔都语，少数使用英语。报纸不仅是新闻的来源，而且还是各种编辑，专栏作家，自由撰稿人，作家和思想家的见解。多年来，人们注意到乌尔都语和英语新闻界已逐渐转移到各自不同的角落，这是一个微妙的变化。乌尔都语新闻界迎合了绝大多数的识字和半文盲群众，而英语新闻界则迎合了少数但具有声音和影响力的少数群体，包括统治精英及其声音批评家。在过去的十五年中，不仅新闻报道，而且就影响整个社会的问题发表了意见之间的分歧。在印巴关系中，这种发展并不是新的，并且具有历史性的先例。除了这一变化之外，卫星电视频道的迅速扩展也彻底改变了通信领域。

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