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Spanish experience in desalination for agriculture

机译：西班牙在农业脱盐方面的经验

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Desalination in Spain has a long story. From the early 60s many installations for drinking water supply were built, mainly in the Canary Islands. Soon it was assumed that other users would need water supply at competitive prices. Agriculture was one of them. The leap from the islands to mainland was in the 90s, when there was a substantial water shortage. In this decade, more than 200 installations were built for this application, mainly treating brackish water. More recently, the installation of large capacity plants from Spanish government programme "AGUA" would mean the end of small plants for agriculture although a discussion about the price for desalinated water arose between the government and the agricultural users. In this paper, we will describe the Spanish experience in desalination for agriculture from an historic point of view. We will also discuss the economic aspects such as the price of water obtained from desalination plants compared with other sources such as superficial or reused water as well as the percentage of water costs in agriculture production and other beneficial aspects such as increased production. With the experience gained for more than 17 years and 60 different size installations built, this paper will be illustrated with some examples where farmers have built their own desalination plants. Another interesting aspect will be to show how to do the planning for an irrigation system for agriculture based on desalination.
机译：西班牙的海水淡化由来已久。从60年代初开始，主要在加那利群岛建造了许多供水设备。很快，人们就认为其他用户将需要有竞争力的价格来供水。农业就是其中之一。从岛屿到大陆的跨越是在90年代，当时严重缺水。在这十年中，为此应用建造了200多个装置，主要用于处理微咸水。最近，尽管政府与农业用户之间就淡化水的价格进行了讨论，但西班牙政府计划“ AGUA”安装大型工厂将意味着农业用小型工厂的终结。在本文中，我们将从历史的角度描述西班牙在农业脱盐方面的经验。我们还将讨论经济方面的问题，例如从海水淡化厂获得的水的价格与其他来源（例如表层或再利用的水）相比，以及农业生产中水成本的百分比以及其他有益方面（例如增产）。凭借超过17年的经验和60种不同尺寸的安装装置，本文将以一些示例进行说明，其中农民建立了自己的海水淡化厂。另一个有趣的方面将是展示如何对基于淡化的农业灌溉系统进行规划。

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