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Activated coconut coir for removal of water hardness

机译：活化椰子椰皮可去除水质硬度

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Phosphoric acid activated coconut coir (ACC) has been used as an efficient and low cost filter material for water softening applications. The material has efficiently removed total hardness and calcium hardness from both artificial and natural hard water whereas the Mg hardness removal efficiency was relatively lower than the other two hardness values. The optimum conditions for maximum hardness removal were; ACC dose 80.00 g L-1, stirring time 30 min and settling time 2 h. Under the optimized conditions, the maximum removal efficiencies of total, Ca and Mg hardness, were approximately 46%, 66% and 30%, respectively from artificial hard water. More efficient softening was observed when the hard water was boiled to remove the temporary hardness prior to filtering through the ACC medium. It was also, observed that the hardness removal efficiency was higher when two layers of ACC together with a sand layer were used. The results indicate that ACC has potential in future water softening applications.
机译：磷酸活化的椰壳（ACC）已被用作水软化应用的高效低成本过滤材料。该材料有效地从人造和天然硬水中去除了总硬度和钙硬度，而Mg硬度去除效率相对低于其他两个硬度值。最大去除硬度的最佳条件是： ACC剂量为80.00 g L-1，搅拌时间为30分钟，沉降时间为2小时。在优化的条件下，从硬水中去除总硬度，Ca和Mg的最大效率分别约为46％，66％和30％。当通过ACC介质过滤之前，将硬水煮沸以除去临时硬度时，可以观察到更有效的软化。还观察到，当使用两层ACC和砂层时，硬度去除效率更高。结果表明，ACC在未来的水软化应用中具有潜力。

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