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Anonymity and one-way authentication in key exchange protocols

机译：密钥交换协议中的匿名性和单向身份验证

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摘要

Key establishment is a crucial cryptographic primitive for building secure communication channels between two parties in a network. It has been studied extensively in theory and widely deployed in practice. In the research literature a typical protocol in the public-key setting aims for key secrecy and mutual authentication. However, there are many important practical scenarios where mutual authentication is undesirable, such as in anonymity networks like Tor, or is difficult to achieve due to insufficient public-key infrastructure at the user level, as is the case on the Internet today. In this work we are concerned with the scenario where two parties establish a private shared session key, but only one party authenticates to the other; in fact, the unauthenticated party may wish to have strong anonymity guarantees. We present a desirable set of security, authentication, and anonymity goals for this setting and develop a model which captures these properties. Our approach allows for clients to choose among different levels of authentication. We also describe an attack on a previous protocol of 0verlier and Syverson, and present a new, efficient key exchange protocol that provides one-way authentication and anonymity.
机译：密钥建立是至关重要的加密原语，用于在网络中的两方之间建立安全的通信通道。它已在理论上进行了广泛研究，并在实践中得到了广泛应用。在研究文献中，公钥设置中的典型协议旨在实现密钥保密和相互认证。但是，在许多重要的实际场景中，相互认证是不可取的，例如在诸如Tor之类的匿名网络中，或者由于用户级别的公用密钥基础结构不足而难以实现，就像当今的Internet一样。在这项工作中，我们关注的是这样的场景：两方建立一个私有共享会话密钥，但是只有一个方向另一方进行身份验证；实际上，未经身份验证的一方可能希望拥有强大的匿名性保证。我们为该设置提供了一组理想的安全性，身份验证和匿名性目标，并开发了一个捕获这些属性的模型。我们的方法允许客户在不同级别的身份验证中进行选择。我们还描述了对0verlier和Syverson先前协议的攻击，并提出了一种新的高效密钥交换协议，该协议提供了单向身份验证和匿名性。

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