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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Ecology >Changes in gene expression linked with adult reproductive diapause in a northern malt fly species: a candidate gene microarray study
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Changes in gene expression linked with adult reproductive diapause in a northern malt fly species: a candidate gene microarray study

机译：北部麦芽蝇中与成年生殖滞育相关的基因表达变化：候选基因芯片研究

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Background Insect diapause is an important biological process which involves many life-history parameters important for survival and reproductive fitness at both individual and population level. Drosophila montana, a species of D. virilis group, has a profound photoperiodic reproductive diapause that enables the adult flies to survive through the harsh winter conditions of high latitudes and altitudes. We created a custom-made microarray for D. montana with 101 genes known to affect traits important in diapause, photoperiodism, reproductive behaviour, circadian clock and stress tolerance in model Drosophila species. This array gave us a chance to filter out genes showing expression changes during photoperiodic reproductive diapause in a species adapted to live in northern latitudes with high seasonal changes in environmental conditions. Results Comparisons among diapausing, reproducing and young D. montana females revealed expression changes in 24 genes on microarray; for example in comparison between diapausing and reproducing females one gene (Drosophila cold acclimation gene, Dca) showed up-regulation and 15 genes showed down-regulation in diapausing females. Down-regulation of seven of these genes was specific to diapause state while in five genes the expression changes were linked with the age of the females rather than with their reproductive status. Also, qRT-PCR experiments confirmed couch potato (cpo) gene to be involved in diapause of D. montana. Conclusions A candidate gene microarray proved to offer a practical and cost-effective way to trace genes that are likely to play an important role in photoperiodic reproductive diapause and further in adaptation to seasonally varying environmental conditions. The present study revealed two genes, Dca and cpo, whose role in photoperiodic diapause in D. montana is worth of studying in more details. Also, further studies using the candidate gene microarray with more specific experimental designs and target tissues may reveal additional genes with more restricted expression patterns.
机译：背景技术昆虫滞育是一个重要的生物学过程，涉及许多生命历史参数，这些参数对于个体和人群的生存和生殖健康都至关重要。果蝇（Drosophila montana）是维氏蝇科（D. virilis group）的一个物种，具有深远的光周期生殖滞育作用，使成年果蝇能够在高纬度和高海拔的严冬条件下生存。我们为D. montana创建了定制的微阵列，其中包含101个基因，这些基因会影响果蝇物种的滞育，光周期，生殖行为，昼夜节律和压力耐受性等重要特征。该阵列为我们提供了机会，筛选出适应于生活在北部纬度，环境条件季节性变化很大的物种中光周期生殖滞育期间表达变化的基因。结果比较了滞育，繁殖和雌性蒙塔纳青虾的雌性，它们在微阵列上有24个基因的表达变化。例如，在滞育和繁殖女性之间比较，在滞育女性中，一个基因（果蝇冷驯化基因，Dca）显示上调，而15个基因显示下调。这些基因中的七个基因的下调特定于滞育状态，而在五个基因中，表达的变化与雌性的年龄而不是其生殖状态有关。此外，qRT-PCR实验还证实了长沙发马铃薯（cpo）基因参与了桃金娘病的滞育。结论事实证明，候选基因微阵列可以提供一种实用且具有成本效益的方式来追踪可能在光周期生殖滞育中发挥重要作用并进一步适应季节性变化的环境条件的基因。本研究揭示了两个基因，Dca和cpo，它们在蒙大拿州D.的光周期滞育中的作用值得进一步研究。同样，使用候选基因微阵列进行更具体的实验设计和靶组织进行的进一步研究可能会揭示具有更多限制性表达模式的其他基因。

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