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Neuronal function and dysfunction of CYFIP2: from actin dynamics to early infantile epileptic encephalopathy

机译:CYFIP2的神经元功能和功能障碍:从肌动蛋白动力学到早期的婴儿癫痫性脑病

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The cytoplasmic FMR1-interacting protein family (CYFIP1 and CYFIP2) are evolutionarily conserved proteins originally identified as binding partners of the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), a messenger RNA (mRNA)-binding protein whose loss causes the fragile X syndrome. Moreover, CYFIP is a key component of the heteropentameric WAVE regulatory complex (WRC), a critical regulator of neuronal actin dynamics. Therefore, CYFIP may play key roles in regulating both mRNA translation and actin polymerization, which are critically involved in proper neuronal development and function. Nevertheless, compared to CYFIP1, neuronal function and dysfunction of CYFIP2 remain largely unknown, possibly due to the relatively less well established association between CYFIP2 and brain disorders. Despite high amino acid sequence homology between CYFIP1 and CYFIP2, several in vitro and animal model studies have suggested that CYFIP2 has some unique neuronal functions distinct from those of CYFIP1. Furthermore, recent whole-exome sequencing studies identified de novo hot spot variants of CYFIP2 in patients with early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE), clearly implicating CYFIP2 dysfunction in neurological disorders. In this review, we highlight these recent investigations into the neuronal function and dysfunction of CYFIP2, and also discuss several key questions remaining about this intriguing neuronal protein.
机译:胞质FMR1相互作用蛋白家族(CYFIP1和CYFIP2)是进化保守的蛋白,最初被鉴定为易碎X智力低下蛋白(FMRP)的结合伴侣,后者是一种信使RNA(mRNA)结合蛋白,其丢失会导致易碎X综合征。此外,CYFIP是异五聚体WAVE调节复合物(WRC)的关键组成部分,WAVE调节复合物是神经元肌动蛋白动力学的关键调节剂。因此,CYFIP可能在调节mRNA翻译和肌动蛋白聚合中起关键作用,这与适当的神经元发育和功能至关重要。然而,与CYFIP1相比,CYFIP2的神经功能和功能障碍仍然未知,这可能是由于CYFIP2与脑部疾病之间建立的联系相对较差。尽管CYFIP1和CYFIP2之间具有很高的氨基酸序列同源性,但一些体外和动物模型研究表明CYFIP2具有一些不同于CYFIP1的独特神经元功能。此外,最近的全外显子组测序研究确定了婴儿早期癫痫性脑病(EIEE)患者的CYFIP2的从头热点变体,这显然暗示了CYFIP2在神经系统疾病中的功能障碍。在这篇综述中,我们重点介绍了对CYFIP2的神经元功能和功能障碍的最新研究,并且还讨论了有关这种有趣的神经元蛋白的一些关键问题。

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