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Factors influencing effectiveness in postgraduate medical education – a qualitative study of experiences of the responsible clinical consultants

机译：影响研究生医学教育有效性的因素–负责任临床顾问经验的定性研究

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Medical education leaders are important for educational quality in postgraduate medical education. Their work tasks are complex and contain different components. However, factors that are influencing leaders′ effectiveness in completing these tasks are unexplored. Understanding and developing these factors is most likely essential to strengthen postgraduate medical education and to consequently improve the quality in health care delivery. This study explores the experiences of factors that influence effectiveness of clinical consultants responsible for postgraduate medical education at clinical departments. Effectiveness was defined as fulfillment of work tasks. A qualitative study was performed with data gathered through semi-structured face-to-face interviews with 17 consultants responsible for postgraduate medical education. Data was analyzed by qualitative content analysis. Findings clustered into four themes of factors influencing effectiveness: individual (being an expert, social competence), relational (support and cooperation, communication), attitudinal (shared vision, organizational values, colleagues’ attitudes) and structural (organizational characteristics, regulations and guidelines, conditions for the role). The factors were experienced to influence effectiveness in a positive or a negative direction. This study shed light on the complex and interrelated factors experienced to have impact on the role of consultant responsible for postgraduate medical education. Viewing the result through the concept of power, the role mainly relies on personal power sources like expert and referent power whereas power connected to the position often are lacking. To increase effectiveness of the role, a differentiated strategy which involves activities at both individual, group and organizational levels is needed.
机译：医学教育的领导者对于研究生医学教育的教育质量至关重要。他们的工作任务很复杂，包含不同的组件。但是，尚未探究影响领导者完成这些任务的效率的因素。了解和发展这些因素对于加强研究生医学教育并因此改善医疗保健质量至关重要。本研究探讨了影响临床部门负责研究生医学教育的临床顾问效力的因素的经验。有效性被定义为完成工作任务。通过对17名负责研究生医学教育的顾问进行的半结构化面对面访谈收集的数据进行了定性研究。通过定性内容分析对数据进行分析。研究结果归纳为影响有效性的四个主题：个人（成为专家，社会能力），关系（支持与合作，沟通），态度（共同的愿景，组织价值观，同事的态度）和结构（组织特征，法规和准则） ，角色条件）。经历了影响正向或负向效果的因素。这项研究揭示了经历过的复杂而相互关联的因素，这些因素对负责研究生医学教育的顾问的作用产生了影响。从权力的概念来看结果，该职位主要依靠个人权力，例如专家权力和参考权力，而经常缺少与职位相关的权力。为了提高角色的有效性，需要一种差异化的策略，其中涉及个人，团体和组织级别的活动。

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