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首页> 外文期刊>British Journal of Environment and Climate Change >Evaluating Climate Change Mitigation andAdaptation Potential of Conservation Agriculturein Semi-arid Tropics of Southern India
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Evaluating Climate Change Mitigation andAdaptation Potential of Conservation Agriculturein Semi-arid Tropics of Southern India

机译：在印度南部半干旱热带地区评估保护性农业的气候变化缓解和适应潜力

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Aims: As climate change related rainfall and temperature variability is being increasingly experienced in the SAT regions, we assessed climate change mitigation and adaptation potential of Conservation Agriculture (CA) by studying effects of minimum tillage (MT) and residue management practices on rain water use efficiency (RWUE), soil moisture, runoff, energy use and carbon dioxide emission in two maize-legume cropping systems.Study Design: The experiment was laid out in split-split plot design with four replications.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) farm, Patancheru, Telangana, India during 2010-11 and 2011-12.Methodology: RWUE was calculated as maize equivalent yield divided by rainfall received during the crop season. Integrated digital runoff and soil loss monitoring unit (IDRSMU) was used to measure runoff. Soil moisture content was measured using the gravimetric method (0-30 cm depth) and neutron probe (60-90 cm depth). The soil organic carbon was analyzed following the Walkley-Black method [1]. The diesel consumption in MT and conventional tillage (CT) was estimated following Downs and Hansen (http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs) and emission of CO2 was estimated according to EPA, 2009 [2].Results: Tillage and residue management practices did not show significant effect on RWUE except; CT having significantly higher RWUE over MT during 2011-12. Effect of cropping systems on RWUE was significant but variable during the two years of study. MT-RT (minimum tillage- residue retained) reduced total seasonal runoff by 28.62% and 80.22% compared to CT-RR (conventional tillage- residue removed) in 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively. Similarly, MT-RT reduced rainwater loss and peak rate of runoff compared to CT-RR in both the years of study. During 2010, MT-RT had higher total soil moisture (v/v) in the 0-90 cm soil depth in sole as well as intercropped maize compared to CT-RR, however, during 2011 MT-RT had higher total soil moisture in sole maize only. As compared to CT, even though, MT improved SOC in 0-15 cm depth but lowered slightly in 15-30 cm depth. RT (residue retained) improved SOC in 0-15 and 15-30 cm depths compared to residue removal (RR). MT-RT had higher or equal SOC in 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depths compared to CT-RR in both the maize-legume cropping systems. MT saved energy corresponding to 41.49 l of diesel per hectare annually compared to CT. Similarly, MT emitted 110.79 kg less CO2 annually on per hectare basis compared to CT due to reduced diesel use.Conclusion: CA, when adopted by following good agricultural practices and refined to suit the local conditions, could emerge as sustainable production system for climate change mitigation and adaptation of dryland cropping systems in semi-arid tropics of southern India.
机译：目的：随着SAT地区越来越多地经历与气候变化有关的降雨和温度变化，我们通过研究最小耕作（MT）和残留管理实践对雨水使用的影响，评估了保护性农业（CA）的气候变化缓解和适应潜力。两个玉米-豆类作物种植系统的效率（RWUE），土壤水分，径流，能源利用和二氧化碳排放研究设计：本实验以四份重复的分块样地设计进行。是在2010-11和2011-12年间在印度特兰甘纳邦Patancheru的国际半干旱热带作物研究所（ICRISAT）农场进行的。方法：RWUE的计算方法是将玉米当量产量除以作物季节收到的降雨。 。集成的数字径流和土壤流失监测单元（IDRSMU）用于测量径流。使用重量分析法（深度为0-30厘米）和中子探针（深度为60-90厘米）测量土壤含水量。按照Walkley-Black方法分析土壤有机碳[1]。根据Downs和Hansen（http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs）估算MT和传统耕作（CT）的柴油消耗量，并根据EPA，2009 [2]估算CO2排放量。结果：耕作残留管理实践对RWUE没有显着影响，除了;在2011-12年度，CT的RWUE明显高于MT。种植系统对RWUE的影响是显着的，但在两年的研究中变化很大。与CT-RR（去除传统耕作残留物）相比，MT-RT（保留的最小耕作残留物）分别使总季节径流量减少了28.62％和80.22 ％。同样，在这两年的研究中，与CT-RR相比，MT-RT减少了雨水流失和径流峰值速率。与CT-RR相比，2010年期间MT-RT在0-90厘米土壤深部和间作玉米中的总土壤水分（v / v）较高，但是，在2011年期间，MT-RT在2009年期间较高的土壤总水分仅玉米。与CT相比，MT在0-15 cm深度处改善了SOC，但在15-30 cm深度处略有降低。与残留物清除（RR）相比，RT（残留物保留）在0-15和15-30 cm深度处改善了SOC。在两个玉米-豆类作物种植系统中，MT-RT在0-15和15-30 cm的土壤深度中的SOC均高于CT-RR。与CT相比，MT每年每公顷节省的能源相当于41.49升柴油。同样，由于减少了柴油的使用，MT每年每公顷的二氧化碳排放量比CT减少了110.79千克。结论：CA遵循良好的农业规范并经过精炼以适应当地条件后，可能会成为应对气候变化的可持续生产系统印度南部半干旱热带地区旱地种植系统的缓解和适应。

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