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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Neuroscience >Delay aversion but preference for large and rare rewards in two choice tasks: implications for the measurement of self-control parameters
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Delay aversion but preference for large and rare rewards in two choice tasks: implications for the measurement of self-control parameters

机译：延迟厌恶，但倾向于在两项选择任务中获得丰厚的奖励：对自我控制参数的衡量

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Background Impulsivity is defined as intolerance/aversion to waiting for reward. In intolerance-to-delay (ID) protocols, animals must choose between small/soon (SS) versus large/late (LL) rewards. In the probabilistic discount (PD) protocols, animals are faced with choice between small/sure (SS) versus large/luck-linked (LLL) rewards. It has been suggested that PD protocols also measure impulsivity, however, a clear dissociation has been reported between delay and probability discounting. Results Wistar adolescent rats (30- to 46-day-old) were tested using either protocol in drug-free state. In the ID protocol, animals showed a marked shift from LL to SS reward when delay increased, and this despite adverse consequences on the total amount of food obtained. In the PD protocol, animals developed a stable preference for LLL reward, and maintained it even when SS and LLL options were predicted and demonstrated to become indifferent. We demonstrate a clear dissociation between these two protocols. In the ID task, the aversion to delay was anti-economical and reflected impulsivity. In the PD task, preference for large reward was maintained despite its uncertain delivery, suggesting a strong attraction for unitary rewards of great magnitude. Conclusion Uncertain delivery generated no aversion, when compared to delays producing an equivalent level of large-reward rarefaction. The PD task is suggested not to reflect impulsive behavior, and to generate patterns of choice that rather resemble the features of gambling. In summary, present data do indicate the need to interpret choice behavior in ID and PD protocols differently.
机译：背景冲动被定义为对奖励的不宽容/厌恶。在不宽容延迟（ID）协议中，动物必须在小/快（SS）奖励与大/晚（LL）奖励之间进行选择。在概率折扣（PD）协议中，动物面临着小/确定（SS）奖励与大/幸运链接（LLL）奖励之间的选择。已经提出，PD协议也可以测量冲动性，但是，据报道延迟和概率折现之间存在明显的分离。结果Wistar青春期大鼠（30至46天大）在无药状态下使用任一方案进行测试。在ID方案中，当延迟增加时，动物表现出从LL奖励到SS奖励的明显转变，尽管这对获得的食物总量有不利影响。在PD方案中，动物对LLL奖励表现出稳定的偏好，并且即使预测到SS和LLL选项变得无动于衷，动物仍然保持这种偏好。我们展示了这两种协议之间的明显分离。在身份识别任务中，对延迟的厌恶是不经济的，反映了冲动性。在PD任务中，尽管交付量不确定，仍然保持了对大额奖励的偏好，这表明强烈希望获得巨大的整体奖励。结论与产生相同水平的大酬劳稀少的延误相比，不确定的交付不会产生厌恶感。建议PD任务不要反映冲动行为，而要产生类似于赌博特征的选择模式。总而言之，当前数据确实表明需要以不同的方式解释ID和PD协议中的选择行为。

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