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Relationships between burned area, forest cover loss, and land cover change in the Brazilian Amazon based on satellite data

机译：根据卫星数据，巴西亚马逊地区的燃烧面积，森林覆盖率损失和土地覆盖率变化之间的关系

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Fires are used as a tool in the deforestation process. Yet, the relationshipbetween fire and deforestation may vary temporally and spatially dependingon the type of deforestation and climatic conditions. This study evaluatesspatiotemporal dynamics of deforestation and fire represented by burned areaover the 2002–2012 period in the Brazilian Legal Amazon. As a first step,we compared newly available Landsat-based maps of gross forest cover lossfrom the Global Forest Change (GFC) project with maps of deforestationextent from the Amazon Deforestation Monitoring Project (PRODES) produced bythe Brazilian National Institute for Space Research (INPE). As a secondstep, we rescaled the Landsat-based data to the 500 m resolution of theModerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) burned area data(MCD64A1) and stratified this using MODIS land cover data to study the roleof burned area in forest cover loss and deforestation. We found that whileGFC forest cover loss and PRODES deforestation generally agreed on spatialand temporal dynamics, there were several key differences between thedata sets. Both showed a decrease in the extent of forest cover loss ordeforestation after 2004, but the drop was larger and more continuous inPRODES than in GFC. The observed decrease in forest cover loss ordeforestation rates over our study period was mainly due to lower clearingrates in the evergreen broadleaf forests in the states of Mato Grosso,Pará, and Rond?nia. GFC indicated anomalously high forest cover loss inthe years 2007 and 2010, which was not reported by PRODES. The burned area dataindicated that this was predominantly related to increased burned areaoccurring outside of the tropical forest area during these dry years, mainlyin Pará. This indicated that fire and forest loss dynamics in woodlandsor secondary forests may be equally important as deforestation in regulatingatmospheric CO2 concentrations. In addition to the decrease in forestcover loss rates, we also found that post-deforestation fire use declined;burned area within 5 years after forest cover loss decreased from 54 to39 % during our study period.
机译：火灾被用作毁林过程中的工具。然而，取决于毁林的类型和气候条件，火灾与毁林之间的关系可能在时间和空间上变化。这项研究评估了2002年至2012年巴西法定亚马逊河地区以烧毁面积为代表的森林砍伐和火灾的时空动态。第一步，我们将全球森林变化（GFC）项目新获得的基于Landsat的森林总覆盖图与巴西国家空间研究所（INPE）制作的亚马逊森林砍伐监测项目（PRODES）的森林砍伐程度图进行了比较。 。第二步，我们将基于Landsat的数据重新缩放为中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）燃烧面积数据（MCD64A1）的500 m分辨率，并使用MODIS土地覆盖数据对其进行分层，以研究燃烧面积在森林覆盖率丧失和森林砍伐中的作用。我们发现，虽然GFC森林覆盖率的损失和PRODES的砍伐森林在时空动态上基本一致，但数据集之间存在一些关键差异。两者均显示出2004年后森林覆盖率丧失或森林砍伐的程度有所减少，但与全球金融危机相比，PRODES的降幅更大且更连续。在我们的研究期间，观察到的森林覆盖率降低或森林砍伐率下降的主要原因是马托格罗索州，巴拉州和朗德尼亚州的常绿阔叶林的砍伐率较低。 GFC指出2007年和2010年的森林覆盖率异常高，而PRODES并未报告。烧毁面积数据表明，这主要与这些干旱年份在热带森林地区以外发生的烧毁面积增加有关，主要是在帕拉。这表明林地或次生林中的火灾和森林流失动态与森林砍伐在调节大气中CO 2 浓度方面可能同等重要。除了减少森林覆盖率的降低外，我们还发现，在森林覆盖率降低后的5年内，森林砍伐后的火灾使用量减少了，在我们的研究期间，燃烧面积从54％降至39％。

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