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Increased CD271 expression by the NF-kB pathway promotes melanoma cell survival and drives acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib

机译:NF-kB途径使CD271表达增加,促进黑素瘤细胞存活并驱动对BRAF抑制剂vemurafenib的获得性耐药

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Specific BRAFV600E inhibitors (BRAFi) are highly effective in the treatment of melanoma. However, acquired drug resistances invariably develop after the initial response. Therefore, the identification of new mechanisms of acquired resistance gives important clues towards the development of therapies that could elicit long lasting responses. Here we report that CD271 confers resistance to BRAFi in melanoma cells. The expression of CD271 is increased by BRAFi through a stimulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) secretion that leads to NF-κB signaling pathway activation. CD271 is upregulated in a subset of BRAFi-resistant melanoma cells. The inhibition of TNFα/NF-κB pathway and CD271 silencing restore the BRAFi sensitivity of resistant melanoma cells. Finally, increase of CD271 expression is validated in BRAFi-resistant xenografts tumors and also in tumors from the patients who relapsed under BRAFi. In summary, these results reveal a novel TNFα/NF-κB/CD271 axis whose activation contributes to the acquisition of resistance to BRAFi and therefore may represent a novel therapeutic target to improve the efficacy of therapy in melanoma.
机译:特定的BRAFV600E抑制剂(BRAFi)在治疗黑色素瘤方面非常有效。但是,在最初的反应后,后天必然会产生耐药性。因此,对获得性抗药性新机制的鉴定为开发可引起长期持续反应的疗法提供了重要线索。在这里,我们报道CD271在黑色素瘤细胞中赋予对BRAFi的抗性。 BRAFi通过刺激肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNFα)分泌而增加CD271的表达,从而导致NF-κB信号通路活化。 CD271在耐BRAFi的黑色素瘤细胞亚群中上调。 TNFα/NF-κB途径的抑制和CD271的沉默恢复了耐药黑素瘤细胞的BRAFi敏感性。最后,CD271表达的增加在耐BRAFi的异种移植肿瘤以及在BRAFi下复发的患者的肿瘤中得到验证。总之,这些结果揭示了新型的TNFα/NF-κB/ CD271轴,其激活有助于获得对BRAFi的抗性,因此可能代表了一种新型的治疗靶标,可改善黑色素瘤的治疗功效。

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