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Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy in Two Red Wolf (Canis rufus) Pups

机译：两只红狼幼崽的肥大性骨营养不良

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A 6-month-old red wolf (Canis rufus) pup presented for evaluation of progressive thoracic and pelvic limb lameness, joint swelling, and decreased body condition. Radiographic evaluation revealed medullary sclerosis centered at the metaphyses of multiple long bones, well-defined irregular periosteal proliferation, and ill-defined lucent zones paralleling the physes, consistent with hypertrophic osteodystrophy (HOD). Biopsies of affected bone revealed medullary fibrosis and new bone formation. The pup improved following treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, opioids, and supportive care over the course of 4 weeks. Metaphyseal periosteal bone proliferation persisted until the animal was humanely euthanized several years later for poor quality of life associated with bilateral cranial cruciate ligament rupture. A second red wolf pup of 4.5 months of age presented for evaluation of lethargy, kyphotic posture, and swollen carpal and tarsal joints. Radiographs revealed bilateral medullary sclerosis and smooth periosteal reaction affecting multiple long bones, suggestive of HOD. Further diagnostics were not pursued in this case to confirm the diagnosis, and the clinical signs persisted for 4 weeks. In light of these two case reports, HOD should be recognized as a developmental orthopedic disease in growing red wolves.
机译：提出了一个6个月大的红狼（Canis rufus）幼崽，用于评估进行性的胸椎和盆腔四肢la行，关节肿胀和身体状况降低。影像学检查显示，髓质硬化集中于多个长骨的干phy端，轮廓分明的不规则骨膜增生，以及与鳞状体平行的不清晰的透明区域，与肥厚性骨营养不良症（HOD）一致。患骨的活检显示髓质纤维化和新的骨形成。在接受非甾体类抗炎药，阿片类药物和支持治疗后的4周内，幼犬情况有所改善。干phy端骨膜骨的增殖一直持续到几年后，由于与双侧颅骨十字韧带破裂相关的生活质量较差，对动物进行了人道安乐死。出现第二只4.5个月大的红狼幼崽，用于评估嗜睡，后凸姿势和腕关节和关节肿胀。影像学检查显示双侧髓质硬化和平滑的骨膜反应影响多条长骨，提示HOD。在这种情况下，没有进行进一步的诊断以确认诊断，并且临床体征持续了4周。根据这两个病例报告，HOD应该被视为成长中的红狼的发展性骨科疾病。

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