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首页> 外文期刊>Ciencia Florestal >Características físico-químicas e energéticas de duas espécies de ocorrência no semiárido brasileiro
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Características físico-químicas e energéticas de duas espécies de ocorrência no semiárido brasileiro

机译：巴西半干旱地区两个物种的理化和能量特征

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http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050986624 The native vegetation from Brazilian Northeast has been explored and used intensively and inadequately as a source of energy and material for rural constructions. Now, it is recognized how important it is to get to know the characteristic of the wood produced by this vegetation. Thus, this study aims to provide information on the physicochemical and energetic characteristics of wood, carbonization yields and characterization of the charcoal species Poincianella pyramidalis Tul. L.P.Queiroz and Handroanthus impertiginosus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos. To meet the goal five trees from each species were cut down and randomly sampled at Santa Barbara Farm, located in the municipality of S?o Mamede-PB. The trees were properly identified and transported to the Department of Forest Products Technology (STPF) at the Federal University of Campina Grande. Thirty centimeters sections were removed from each tree at 0 (base), 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the commercial height (trunk diameter 5 cm). A 2.5 cm thick disc was removed from the median part of each 30 cm section, and each disc was subdivided in four wedge pieces, passing through the trunk pith. Two opposite wedge pieces were used to determine the basic density of wood, ant the other two pieces were put aside in order to carry out physical, chemical and energetic analyses, carbonization yields and characterization of the coal produced by the studied species. Basic density was determined according to the method of hydrostatic balance and to determine the average basic density of each tree, the volume between sections of each disc was used as a weighting factor. After the air drying, the samples intended for chemical analysis were transformed into sawdust and quantitative determinations of total extractives were performed, lignin, ashes, and the holocellulose content was estimated by difference. The samples intended for carbonization were processed into chips, and carbonized in an electric oven (furnace) for 5h30mim. Determinations of the yield of products of carbonization were carried out as well as physical and chemical properties of wood charcoal. In general, the studied wood showed similar physical characteristics. Regarding to chemical properties, Pau-d’arco wood showed a higher lignin content (28.40%), and there were not any significant differences among species for the holocellulose content The superior calorific power of Catingueira wood (4413.50 kcal.kg-1) showed the lowest values for wood (4413.50 kcal.kg-1) and charcoal (6247.80 kcal.kg-1) respectively. The catingueira wood showed a higher charcoal yield (43.03%), but lower quality. The Pau-d’arco charcoal had the highest fixed carbon content (67.68%). These species showed similar charcoal true density and fixed carbon production. It is concluded that the two species which occurs in the Northeastern semiarid, have good properties for coal production. The Pau-d’arco showed the best properties for energy use.
机译：http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050986624来自巴西东北部的天然植被已被大量开发和利用，不足以用作农村建筑的能源和材料。现在，已经认识到了解由这种植被产生的木材的特性是多么重要。因此，本研究旨在提供有关木材的理化和能量特性，碳化产量和木炭Poincianella pyramidalis Tul的特征的信息。 L.P. Quueiroz和Handroanthus impertiginosus（Mart。ex DC。）Mattos。为了实现这一目标，从S？o Mamede-PB市的Santa Barbara农场砍下了每种树种的五棵树并对其进行了随机采样。树木经过正确鉴定，并被运送到大坎皮纳联邦大学林产品技术系（STPF）。在每棵树的商业高度的0（基准），25％，50％，75％和100％（树干直径> 5厘米）处从30厘米处切除30厘米。从每个30厘米截面的中部取下一个2.5厘米厚的圆盘，然后将每个圆盘细分为四个楔形片，穿过树干髓。使用两个相对的楔形块来确定木材的基本密度，然后将另外两个楔形块放在一边，以便进行物理，化学和能量分析，碳化产率和所研究物种产生的煤的特性分析。根据静水平衡的方法确定基本密度，并为了确定每棵树的平均基本密度，将每个圆盘的各部分之间的体积用作加权因子。空气干燥后，将用于化学分析的样品转化为木屑，并进行总提取物的定量测定，木质素，灰分，并通过差值估算全纤维素含量。打算碳化的样品被加工成碎片，并在电烤箱（炉）中碳化5h30mim。确定了碳化产物的收率以及木炭的物理和化学性质。通常，所研究的木材表现出相似的物理特性。在化学特性方面，波城木的木质素含量较高（28.40％），而全纤维素的种类之间也没有显着差异。卡廷格伊拉木的热值较高（4413.50 kcal.kg-1）。木材（4413.50 kcal.kg-1）和木炭（6247.80 kcal.kg-1）的最低值。 Catingueira木材显示出较高的木炭收率（43.03％），但质量较低。波城木炭的固定碳含量最高（67.68％）。这些物种显示出相似的木炭真实密度和固定碳产量。结论是，东北半干旱地区出现的两个物种具有良好的煤炭生产特性。波城（Pau-d’arco）显示出最佳的能源利用性能。

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