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Natural disasters and health: an analysis of the situation in Brazil

机译：自然灾害与健康：对巴西局势的分析

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摘要

Natural disasters are still insufficiently studied and understood within the scope of public health in this country, with impacts in the short and long term. The scope of this article is to analyze the relationship between disasters and their impact on health based on disaster data recorded in the country. The methodology involved the systematization of data and information contained in the Brazilian Atlas of Natural Disasters 1991-2010 and directly from the National Department of Civil Defense (NSCD). Disasters were organized into four categories of events (meteorological; hydrological; climatological; geophysical/geological) and for each of the latter, the data for morbidity, mortality and exposure of those affected were examined, revealing different types of impacts. Three categories of disasters stood out: the hydrological events showed higher percentages of mortality, morbidity and exposure; climatological events had higher percentages of incidents and people affected; the geophysical/geological events had a higher average of exposure and deaths per event. Lastly, a more active participation of the health sector in the post-2015 global political agenda is proposed, particularly events related to sustainable development, climate change and disaster risk reduction.
机译：在该国的公共卫生范围内，对自然灾害的研究和了解仍然不足，对短期和长期都有影响。本文的范围是根据该国记录的灾害数据分析灾害及其对健康的影响之间的关系。该方法涉及将1991-2010年巴西自然灾害地图集以及直接从国家民防局（NSCD）获得的数据和信息进行系统化。灾害被分为四类事件（气象，水文，气候，地球物理/地质），对于每一种事件，都检查了受影响人群的发病率，死亡率和暴露数据，揭示了不同类型的影响。三类灾害突出：水文事件显示死亡率，发病率和接触率较高;气候事件的发生率更高，受影响的人群也更多;地球物理/地质事件每个事件的平均暴露和死亡人数更高。最后，提议卫生部门更积极地参与2015年后全球政治议程，特别是与可持续发展，气候变化和减少灾害风险有关的事件。

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