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Comparative Analysis of Fatty Acid Desaturases in Cyanobacterial Genomes

机译：蓝藻基因组中脂肪酸脱氢酶的比较分析

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Fatty acid desaturases are enzymes that introduce double bonds into the hydrocarbon chains of fatty acids. The fatty acid desaturases from 37 cyanobacterial genomes were identified and classified based upon their conserved histidine-rich motifs and phylogenetic analysis, which help to determine the amounts and distributions of desaturases in cyanobacterial species. The filamentous orN2-fixing cyanobacteria usually possess more types of fatty acid desaturases than that of unicellular species. The pathway of acyl-lipid desaturation for unicellular marine cyanobacteriaSynechococcusandProchlorococcusdiffers from that of other cyanobacteria, indicating different phylogenetic histories of the two genera from other cyanobacteria isolated from freshwater, soil, or symbiont. StrainGloeobacter violaceusPCC 7421 was isolated from calcareous rock and lacks thylakoid membranes. The types and amounts of desaturases of this strain are distinct to those of other cyanobacteria, reflecting the earliest divergence of it from the cyanobacterial line. Three thermophilic unicellular strains,Thermosynechococcus elongatusBP-1 and twoSynechococcusYellowstone species, lack highly unsaturated fatty acids in lipids and contain only oneΔ9desaturase in contrast with mesophilic strains, which is probably due to their thermic habitats. Thus, the amounts and types of fatty acid desaturases are various among different cyanobacterial species, which may result from the adaption to environments in evolution.
机译：脂肪酸去饱和酶是将双键引入脂肪酸的烃链中的酶。根据37个蓝细菌基因组中保守的富组氨酸基序和系统进化分析，对脂肪酸脱氢酶进行了鉴定和分类，有助于确定蓝藻物种中脱氢酶的数量和分布。与单细胞物种相比，丝状或固定N2的蓝细菌通常具有更多类型的脂肪酸去饱和酶。单细胞海洋蓝细菌的酰基脂质去饱和途径与其他蓝细菌不同，即嗜酸球菌和原绿球菌，表明这两个属与从淡水，土壤或共生菌中分离的其他蓝细菌的系统发生历史不同。菌株SolaGolaovioolaceusPCC 7421是从钙质岩石中分离出来的，缺少类囊体膜。该菌株去饱和酶的类型和数量与其他蓝细菌不同，反映出它最早与蓝细菌系不同。与嗜温菌株相比，三种嗜热单细胞菌株，即伸长嗜热球菌BP-1和两种嗜酸性球菌黄石物种，在脂质中缺乏高度不饱和脂肪酸，并且仅含有一种Δ9去饱和酶，这可能是由于它们的热生境所致。因此，脂肪酸去饱和酶的量和类型在不同的蓝细菌种类之间是不同的，这可能是由于对进化环境的适应性所致。

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