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首页> 外文期刊>Clinical & developmental immunology. >Peptide-Based Vaccinology: Experimental and Computational Approaches to Target Hypervariable Viruses through the Fine Characterization of Protective Epitopes Recognized by Monoclonal Antibodies and the Identification of T-Cell-Activating Peptides
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Peptide-Based Vaccinology: Experimental and Computational Approaches to Target Hypervariable Viruses through the Fine Characterization of Protective Epitopes Recognized by Monoclonal Antibodies and the Identification of T-Cell-Activating Peptides

机译：基于肽的疫苗：通过单克隆抗体识别的保护性抗原表位的精细表征和T细胞活化肽的鉴定，针对高变病毒的实验和计算方法

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Defining immunogenic domains of viral proteins capable of eliciting a protective immune response is crucial in the development of novel epitope-based prophylactic strategies. This is particularly important for the selective targeting of conserved regions shared among hypervariable viruses. Studying postinfection and postimmunization sera, as well as cloning and characterization of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), still represents the best approach to identify protective epitopes. In particular, a protective mAb directed against conserved regions can play a key role in immunogen design and in human therapy as well. Experimental approaches aiming to characterize protective mAb epitopes or to identify T-cell-activating peptides are often burdened by technical limitations and can require long time to be correctly addressed. Thus, in the last decade many epitope predictive algorithms have been developed. These algorithms are continually evolving, and their use to address the empirical research is widely increasing. Here, we review several strategies based on experimental techniques alone or addressed by in silico analysis that are frequently used to predict immunogens to be included in novel epitope-based vaccine approaches. We will list the main strategies aiming to design a new vaccine preparation conferring the protection of a neutralizing mAb combined with an effective cell-mediated response.
机译：定义能够引发保护性免疫应答的病毒蛋白的免疫原性结构域，在开发基于新型抗原决定簇的预防策略中至关重要。这对于选择性靶向高变病毒之间共享的保守区尤为重要。研究感染后和免疫后的血清，以及单克隆抗体（mAb）的克隆和鉴定，仍然是鉴定保护性表位的最佳方法。特别是，针对保守区域的保护性mAb在免疫原设计和人体治疗中也可以发挥关键作用。旨在表征保护性mAb表位或鉴定T细胞活化肽的实验方法通常受技术限制的困扰，并且可能需要很长时间才能正确解决。因此，在最近的十年中，已经开发了许多表位预测算法。这些算法在不断发展，并且用于解决实证研究的用途正在广泛增加。在这里，我们回顾了仅基于实验技术或计算机模拟分析解决的几种策略，这些策略通常用于预测基于新的基于表位的疫苗方法中所包含的免疫原。我们将列出旨在设计新疫苗制剂的主要策略，这些疫苗制剂可保护中和mAb，并具有有效的细胞介导的反应。

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