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首页> 外文期刊>Biology Open >Trade-offs between performance and variability in the escape responses of bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus)
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Trade-offs between performance and variability in the escape responses of bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus)

机译：蓝g翻车鱼（Lepomis macrochirus）逃避反应的性能与变异之间的权衡

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Successful predator evasion is essential to the fitness of many animals. Variation in escape behaviour may be adaptive as it reduces predictability, enhancing escape success. High escape velocities and accelerations also increase escape success, but biomechanical factors likely constrain the behavioural range over which performance can be maximized. There may therefore be a trade-off between variation and performance during escape responses. We have used bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis macrochirus ) escape responses to examine this potential trade-off, determining the full repertoire of escape behaviour for individual bluegill sunfish and linking this to performance as indicated by escape velocity and acceleration. Fish escapes involve an initial C-bend of the body axis, followed by variable steering movements. These generate thrust and establish the escape direction. Directional changes during the initial C-bend were less variable than the final escape angle, and the most frequent directions were associated with high escape velocity. Significant inter-individual differences in escape angles magnified the overall variation, maintaining unpredictability from a predator perspective. Steering in the latter stages of the escape to establish the final escape trajectory also affected performance, with turns away from the stimulus associated with reduced velocity. This suggests that modulation of escape behaviour by steering may also have an associated performance cost. This has important implications for understanding the scope and control of intra- and inter-individual variation in escape behaviour and the associated costs and benefits.
机译：成功逃避捕食者对于许多动物的适应至关重要。逃逸行为的变化可能是适应性的，因为它降低了可预测性，提高了逃逸的成功率。较高的逃生速度和加速度也会增加逃生的成功率，但是生物力学因素可能会限制行为范围，从而使性能最大化。因此，在逃生响应期间，变化和性能之间可能需要权衡。我们已经使用蓝blue翻车鱼（Lepomis macrochirus）逃逸反应来检查这种潜在的权衡，确定单个蓝blue翻车鱼的逃逸行为的全部功能，并将其与逃生速度和加速度所指示的性能联系起来。鱼逃逸涉及到身体轴线的初始C形弯曲，然后是可变的转向运动。这些产生推力并确定逃逸方向。初始C形弯曲期间的方向变化与最终逃逸角相比变化较小，并且最频繁的方向与较高的逃逸速度相关。逃生角上个体之间的显着差异放大了整体变化，从掠食者的角度保持了不可预测性。在逃生的后期进行转向以建立最终的逃生轨迹也影响了性能，转弯远离了与速度降低相关的刺激。这表明通过转向来调节逃逸行为也可能具有相关的性能成本。这对于理解逃生行为的个体内和个体间变异的范围和控制以及相关的成本和收益具有重要意义。

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