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首页> 外文期刊>Comparative Economic Research >Effects of Poland’s Pro?Export Policy Implementation in the Context of the Plan for Responsible Development – a Preliminary Comparative Assessment
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Effects of Poland’s Pro?Export Policy Implementation in the Context of the Plan for Responsible Development – a Preliminary Comparative Assessment

机译：在负责任发展计划的背景下实施波兰的专业出口政策的效果–初步比较评估

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The aim of this paper is to present the results of a preliminary assessment of Poland’s export expansion policy in relation to the export of commodities, which is a result of the Government’s Plan for Responsible Development, in the context of existing barriers and the external and internal conditions reported by small and medium?sized enterprises sector (SMEs). In the latest ranking of its competitive position in the global market for the period 2016-2017, Poland ranked 36th in the world. It should also be stressed that in this most recent world ranking Poland held the 16th position among EU Member States. A positive phenomenon in relation to Poland’s foreign trade in 2016, as compared to previous years, was that the value of export exceeded import, which allowed for a turnover surplus of nearly EUR 4.8 billion, i.e. two times higher than in 2015. In 2016 (and also in the first half of 2017) there was a favorable diversification of Polish export, demonstrating an increase in export to non?EU markets of economically developed countries. After two years of relatively slow growth, export to this group of countries in 2016 increased by 5.6% (to EUR 12 billion), i.e. nearly 2.5 times faster than the total export. Despite the tariff?free and quota?free access to the single European market, there are still limits and barriers to the free movement of goods, and especially services. There are also many internal barriers in small and medium?sized enterprises’ export to foreign markets, which limit their export expansion. Despite the gradual increase in export observed in recent years, the internationalization of non?Polish enterprises is still much lower than in Western European countries. As a result, the share of Polish SMEs in the EU market is one third smaller than the EU average.
机译：本文的目的是在现有障碍以及外部和内部障碍的背景下，提出对波兰与商品出口有关的出口扩大政策的初步评估结果，该政策是政府负责任发展计划的结果中小企业报告的情况。在其2016-2017年全球市场竞争地位的最新排名中，波兰排名世界第36位。还应强调的是，在最近这个世界排名中，波兰在欧盟成员国中排名第16位。与往年相比，2016年与波兰对外贸易有关的一个积极现象是，出口额超过了进口额，这使得营业额盈余接近48亿欧元，是2015年的两倍。也是在2017年上半年）波兰出口实现了有利的多元化，这表明对经济发达国家的非欧盟市场的出口有所增加。在经历了两年相对缓慢的增长之后，2016年对这组国家的出口增长了5.6％（达到120亿欧元），即比总出口快了2.5倍。尽管可以免费进入欧洲市场，而且可以免费享受配额，但货物，特别是服务的自由流通仍然受到限制和障碍。中小企业向国外市场出口还存在许多内部壁垒，限制了它们的出口扩张。尽管近年来出口逐渐增加，但非波兰企业的国际化程度仍远低于西欧国家。结果，波兰中小企业在欧盟市场的份额比欧盟平均水平低三分之一。

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