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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis >Discussion on the Safety Factors of Slopes Recommended for Small Dams
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Discussion on the Safety Factors of Slopes Recommended for Small Dams

机译：小型大坝推荐的边坡安全因素探讨

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摘要

The design and assessment of the slope stability of small embankment dams is usually not carried out using slope stability calculations but rather by the comparison of proposed or existing dam slopes with those recommended by technical standards or guidelines. Practical experience shows that in many cases the slopes of small dams are steeper than those recommended. However, most of such steeper slopes at existing dams do not exhibit any visible signs of instability, defects or sliding. For the dam owner and also for dam stability engineers, the safety of the slope, expressed e.g. via a factor of safety, is crucial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety margin provided by recommended slopes. The factor of safety was evaluated for several dam shape and layout variants via the shear strength reduction method using PLAXIS software. The study covers various dam geometries, dam core and shoulder positions and parameter values of utilised soils. Three load cases were considered: one with a steady state seepage condition and two with different reservoir water level drawdown velocities – standard and critical. As numerous older small dams lack a drainage system, variants with and without a toe drain were assessed. Calculated factors of safety were compared with required values specified by national standards and guidelines.
机译：小型路堤大坝边坡稳定性的设计和评估通常不是通过边坡稳定性计算来进行，而是通过将拟议或现有大坝边坡与技术标准或准则所建议的边坡进行比较。实践经验表明，在许多情况下，小水坝的坡度比建议的陡峭。但是，在现有大坝上，大多数这样的陡坡都没有任何明显的不稳定性，缺陷或滑动迹象。对于大坝所有者和大坝稳定性工程师来说，坡度的安全性表示为通过安全因素至关重要。这项研究的目的是评估推荐坡度提供的安全裕度。通过使用PLAXIS软件的抗剪强度降低方法，对几种大坝形状和布置形式的安全系数进行了评估。该研究涵盖了各种大坝的几何形状，大坝的核心和肩部位置以及所利用土壤的参数值。考虑了三种载荷情况：一种具有稳态渗流条件，两种具有不同的水库水位降落速度-标准和临界。由于许多老旧的小水坝缺少排水系统，因此对有无脚趾排水的变型进行了评估。将计算出的安全系数与国家标准和准则规定的要求值进行比较。

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