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Effect of Air Permeability on the Aerodynamic Characteristics of Ski Jumping Suits

机译：透气性对跳台滑雪服空气动力学特性的影响

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摘要

The aerodynamic characteristics of sports suits play a crucial role in helping professional athletes gain a competitive edge in their chosen sport. The fluid forces acting on the body of the sports competitor are influenced by the surface topology of the fabric, position and size of the seams, use of fasteners, and air permeability of the fabric. Wind tunnel experiments and numerical simulations provide deep insight on the aerodynamic characteristics of sports suit designs. Ski jumping is a sport in which the competitor is judged based on the flight form and flight distance; therefore, ski jumpers attempt to fly as far as possible upon take-off. The fabric used for ski jumping suits plays a crucial role in achieving favorable aerodynamic characteristics. According to the rules and regulations for ski jumping competitions, the outstretched fabric should have a minimum air permeability of 40 L/m~(2)/s at a water pressure of 98 Pa (10 mmAq). To date, little is known regarding the effects of air permeability on the aerodynamic characteristics of ski jumping suits, which forms the motivation of this study. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of air permeability on the aerodynamic characteristics of ski jumping suits. Wind tunnel experiments were carried out on an elliptic cylinder clothed with ski jumping suit fabrics of different air permeability. The aerodynamic forces acting on the fabric-clothed elliptic cylinder were measured using a three-component force balance. The velocity profiles were also measured to examine the effect of air permeability on the flow around the fabric-clothed elliptic cylinder. The experimental results show that the drag forces decrease with an increase in air permeability and the stall characteristics are greatly affected by the air permeability. The maximum lift coefficients are lower for fabrics with higher air permeability. However, this is compensated by the occurrence of stall delay for these fabrics and an increase in the lift-to-drag ratio at higher angles of attack. The velocity profiles around the fabric-clothed elliptic cylinder also vary, depending on the air permeability of the fabric.
机译：运动服的空气动力学特性在帮助专业运动员在其选择的运动中获得竞争优势方面起着至关重要的作用。作用在运动竞赛者身上的流体力受织物的表面拓扑结构，接缝的位置和大小，紧固件的使用以及织物的透气性的影响。风洞实验和数值模拟为运动服设计的空气动力学特性提供了深刻的见识。跳台滑雪是一项根据飞行形式和飞行距离来判断运动员的运动;因此，跳高运动员试图在起飞时尽可能地飞翔。跳台滑雪服所用的织物在实现良好的空气动力学特性方面起着至关重要的作用。根据跳台滑雪比赛的规则和规定，在水压为98 Pa（10 mmAq）时，伸出的织物的最小透气度应为40 L / m〜（2）/ s。迄今为止，关于透气性对跳台滑雪服的空气动力学特性的影响知之甚少，这构成了这项研究的动机。这项研究的目的是研究透气性对跳台滑雪服空气动力学特性的影响。风洞实验是在椭圆形的圆柱体上进行的，该圆柱体上装有不同透气性的跳台滑雪服面料。使用三分量力平衡测量作用在布制椭圆圆柱上的空气动力。还测量了速度分布，以检查透气率对布制椭圆圆柱周围流动的影响。实验结果表明，阻力随着透气度的增加而减小，并且失速特性受透气度的影响很大。对于具有较高透气性的织物，最大升力系数较低。但是，这可以通过在这些织物上出现失速延迟和在较高攻角下增加升阻比来弥补。围绕织物的椭圆圆柱周围的速度分布也变化，这取决于织物的透气性。

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