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首页> 外文期刊>Advances in Environmental Technology >Sorption, degradation and leaching of pesticides in soils amended with organic matter: A review
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Sorption, degradation and leaching of pesticides in soils amended with organic matter: A review

机译：有机质改良土壤中农药的吸附，降解和浸出研究进展

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The use of pesticides in modern agriculture is unavoidable because they are required to control weeds. Pesticides are poisonous; hence, they are dangerous if misused. Understanding the fate of pesticides will be useful to use them safely. Therefore, contaminations of water and soil resources could be avoided. The fates of pesticides in soils are influenced by their sorption, decomposition and movement. Degradation and leaching of pesticides are control by sorption. Soil organic matter and clay content are main soil constituents that have a high capacity for sorption of pesticides. Addition of organic maters to amend the soils is a usual practice that every year has been done in a huge area of worldwide. The added organic amendments to the soils affect the fate of pesticides in soils as well. Pesticides fates in different soils are different. The addition of organic matter to soils causes different fates for pesticides as well. It is known from the studies that sorption of non-ionic pesticides by soil in aqueous system is controlled mainly by the organic matter content of the soils. Sorption of pesticides has been reported to increase by amending soils with organic matter. In general, conditions that promote microbial activity enhance the rate of pesticides degradation, and those that inhibit the growth of microorganisms reduce the rate of degradation. Amendment of soils with organic matter may modify leaching of pesticides in soil. Some studies showed that organic matter added to soils reduced pesticides in ground water. Generally, organic amendments induces the restriction of pesticides leaching in soils.
机译：在现代农业中不可避免地要使用农药，因为必须控制杂草。农药是有毒的;因此，如果滥用它们将很危险。了解农药的命运对于安全使用农药将很有用。因此，可以避免水和土壤资源的污染。农药在土壤中的命运受其吸附，分解和移动的影响。农药的降解和浸出通过吸附来控制。土壤有机质和粘土含量是主要的土壤成分，具有很高的农药吸收能力。添加有机物质以改良土壤是每年在世界范围内大范围进行的一种常规做法。对土壤添加的有机改良剂也会影响农药在土壤中的命运。不同土壤中农药的命运不同。向土壤中添加有机物也会导致农药的命运不同。从研究中可以知道，土壤在水系统中对非离子农药的吸附主要受土壤中有机物含量的控制。据报道，通过用有机物质改良土壤，农药的吸收增加。通常，促进微生物活性的条件会提高农药的降解速率，而抑制微生物生长的条件则会降低降解速率。用有机物改良土壤可能会改变农药在土壤中的淋溶。一些研究表明，向土壤中添加有机物会减少地下水中的农药。通常，有机改良剂会限制农药在土壤中的浸出。

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