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首页> 外文期刊>African Journal of Biotechnology >Photosynthesis and photoprotective systems of plants in response to aluminum toxicity
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Photosynthesis and photoprotective systems of plants in response to aluminum toxicity

机译：植物对铝毒的光合作用和光保护系统

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摘要

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the major factor limiting plant growth in acidic soils, which comprise up to 70% of the world’s potentially arable lands. Although, Al toxicity and tolerance in plant roots have been extensively studied during the past decades because inhibition of root growth is one of the earliest symptoms of Al injury and the most easily recognized symptom in solution culture, limited data are available on the effects of Al toxicity on leaf photosynthesis. In this paper we review the effects of Al on stomatal conductance, ultrastructure, pigments and light absorption, water relations, photochemistry, lipid peroxidation, photosynthetic enzymes, carbohydrates and their relations to the Al-induced photosynthesis inhibition in plant leaves. Al appears to preferentially impair thylakoids and photosynthetic electron transport chain in most plants. In addition to decreasing light absorption by lowering pigment concentration, both energy dissipation and antioxidant systems in Al-stressed leaves are enhanced to protect them from photo-oxidative damage under high light. The amelioration of brassinosteroids, boron (B), phosphorus (P) and mycorrhizas on the Al-induced decrease in CO2?assimilation, as well as some aspects needed to be further studied are also discussed.
机译：铝（Al）毒性是限制植物在酸性土壤中生长的主要因素，酸性土壤占全球潜在耕地的70％。尽管在过去的几十年中，由于对根的生长的抑制是铝损伤的最早症状之一，并且是溶液培养中最容易识别的症状，所以对铝在植物根中的毒性和耐受性进行了广泛的研究，但是关于铝的作用的数据有限对叶片光合作用的毒性。在本文中，我们综述了铝对气孔导度，超微结构，色素和光吸收，水的关系，光化学，脂质过氧化，光合酶，碳水化合物的影响及其与铝诱导的植物叶片光合作用抑制的关系。在大多数植物中，铝似乎优先损害类囊体和光合作用的电子传输链。除了通过降低颜料浓度来降低光吸收外，铝胁迫叶片的能量耗散和抗氧化剂系统均得到增强，以保护它们免受强光下的光氧化损害。还讨论了油菜素类固醇，硼（B），磷（P）和菌根对铝诱导的CO 2同化减少的改善作用，以及一些需要进一步研究的方面。

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