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首页> 外文期刊>African Journal of Biotechnology >Somatic polyploidization and characterization of induced polyploids of Dioscorea rotundata and Dioscorea cayenensis
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Somatic polyploidization and characterization of induced polyploids of Dioscorea rotundata and Dioscorea cayenensis

机译：怀山药和山药的体细胞多倍化及诱导多倍体的鉴定

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摘要

Genetic improvement of major food yams is constrained by a number of factors, such as the scarcity of flowers and lack of synchronization between male and female flowering. Consequently, somaclonal variation including somatic polyploidization has been considered as a useful tool in yam breeding. Somatic polyploidization and its effect on phenotypic traits of Dioscorea species such as D. alata, D. japonica and D. zingiberensis has been reported; however, optimization of this method in two major yam species, D. rotundata and D. cayenensis, is yet to be achieved and the effect of polyploidization on phenotypic traits of this species yet to be elucidated. In the present study, a high rate of somaclonal polyploid variation was successfully achieved by in vitro colchicine treatment of D. rotundata and D. cayenensis. In most cases, except TDc 3704, the highest rate of polyploid induction appeared after 0.1% colchicine treatment. However, in triploid yellow yam accessions the induction rate was relatively low. Tetraploid variants of D. rotundata tended to display somewhat rounder leaves than their diploid parents. The size and shape of D. rotundata stoma were also affected by levels of ploidy, with tetraploid variants exhibiting larger stomata at a lower density compared to their diploid parents. The efficient method of in vitro polyploidy induction reported here is therefore a highly useful tool for obtaining polyploid variants for use as genetic resources in D. rotundata breeding.
机译：主要食用山药的遗传改良受到许多因素的限制，例如花的稀缺和雌雄开花之间缺乏同步性。因此，包括体细胞多倍体化的体细胞无性变异被认为是山药育种中的有用工具。据报道，体薯多倍体化及其对薯os，D。japonica和D. zingiberensis等薯os种的表型性状的影响。然而，该方法在两种主要山药D. rotundata和D. cayenensis中的优化尚待实现，而且多倍体化对该种表型性状的影响尚待阐明。在本研究中，通过体外秋水仙碱处理的圆纹线虫和毛状线虫成功地实现了高水平的体细胞克隆多倍体变异。在大多数情况下，除了TDc 3704以外，在0.1％秋水仙碱处理后，多倍体诱导率最高。但是，在三倍体黄薯种中，诱导率相对较低。 D. rotundata的四倍体变体往往比其二倍体亲本显示出更圆的叶子。罗氏沼虾的气孔的大小和形状也受到倍性水平的影响，与它们的二倍体亲本相比，四倍体变体在较低的密度下表现出较大的气孔。因此，这里报道的体外多倍体诱导的有效方法是一种非常有用的工具，可用于获得多倍体变体，用作D. rotundata育种的遗传资源。

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