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Improving S&T Development and Policy Making in Ghana and Other Africa Countries Lessons from United Kingdom

机译：改善加纳和其他非洲国家的科技发展和政策制定英国的经验教训

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The importance of science and technology (S&T) in national development can not be underscored, as many, especially the developed countries have achieved the height development through aggressive development and application of S&T to their economies. Consequently both developing and developed countries have put in place mechanisms to exploit the potential of S&T. However the differences between the two are the level resources commitment to S&T as well as mechanisms established in these countries to paddle S&T development. Equally important is how these mechanisms and the general S&T environment are facilitated by the government through an effective S&T policy making. The United Kingdom (UK) has established strategic institutions that are designed to improve S&T policy in general and communication between scientists and policy decision makers in particular, as well as building capacity of the politicians (members of parliament) in scientific issues. The paper reviews the S&T institutional framework in the UK and general support for S&T development. The author argues that Ghana and other African countries should design similar institutions such as chief scientific advisor at the highest level of government, establishment of special body to support parliament in S&T issues (but probably with different priorities) in order to effectively mobilize S&T for development.
机译：不能强调科学技术在国家发展中的重要性，因为许多国家，特别是发达国家已经通过积极发展和将科学技术应用于其经济而实现了高度发展。因此，发展中国家和发达国家都建立了利用科技潜力的机制。但是，两者之间的差异在于对科学技术的投入水平以及这些国家建立的促进科学技术发展的机制。同样重要的是，政府如何通过有效的科技政策制定来促进这些机制和一般的科技环境。英国（英国）建立了战略机构，旨在改善总体科学技术政策，尤其是改善科学家与政策制定者之间的沟通，以及提高政治家（国会议员）在科学问题上的能力。本文回顾了英国的科技体制框架以及对科技发展的一般支持。作者认为，加纳和其他非洲国家应设计类似的机构，例如政府最高层的首席科学顾问，设立专门机构以支持议会处理科技问题（但可能有不同的优先重点），以便有效地动员科技促进发展。

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