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Autothermal reforming of palm empty fruit bunch bio-oil: thermodynamic modelling

机译：棕榈空果束生物油的自热重整：热力学模型

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This work focuses on thermodynamic analysis of the autothermal reforming of palm empty fruit bunch (PEFB) bio-oil for the production of hydrogen and syngas. PEFB bio-oil composition was simulated using bio-oil surrogates generated from a mixture of acetic acid, phenol, levoglucosan, palmitic acid and furfural. A sensitivity analysis revealed that the hydrogen and syngas yields were not sensitive to actual bio-oil composition, but were determined by a good match of molar elemental composition between real bio-oil and surrogate mixture. The maximum hydrogen yield obtained under constant reaction enthalpy and pressure was about 12 wt% at S/C = 1 and increased to about 18 wt% at S/C = 4; both yields occurring at equivalence ratio Φ of 0.31. The possibility of generating syngas with varying H2 and CO content using autothermal reforming was analysed and application of this process to fuel cells and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is discussed. Using a novel simple modelling methodology, reaction mechanisms were proposed which were able to account for equilibrium product distribution. It was evident that different combinations of reactions could be used to obtain the same equilibrium product concentrations. One proposed reaction mechanism, referred to as the ‘partial oxidation based mechanism’ involved the partial oxidation reaction of the bio-oil to produce hydrogen, with the extent of steam reforming and water gas shift reactions varying depending on the amount of oxygen used. Another proposed mechanism, referred to as the ‘complete oxidation based mechanism’ was represented by thermal decomposition of about 30% of bio-oil and hydrogen production obtained by decomposition, steam reforming, water gas shift and carbon gasification reactions. The importance of these mechanisms in assisting in the eventual choice of catalyst to be used in a real ATR of PEFB bio-oil process was discussed.
机译：这项工作的重点是对棕榈空果束（PEFB）生物油自热重整以产生氢气和合成气的热力学分析。使用由乙酸，苯酚，左旋葡聚糖，棕榈酸和糠醛的混合物产生的生物油替代物来模拟PEFB生物油成分。敏感性分析表明，氢气和合成气的收率对实际的生物油组成不敏感，但取决于实际生物油和替代混合物中摩尔元素组成的良好匹配。在恒定的反应焓和压力下，在S / C = 1时获得的最大氢气产率为约12 wt％，在S / C = 4时增加至约18 wt％。两者的当量比Φ为0.31。分析了使用自热重整生成H 2 和CO含量变化的合成气的可能性，并讨论了该方法在燃料电池和费托合成中的应用。使用新颖的简单建模方法，提出了能够说明平衡产物分布的反应机理。显然，可以使用不同的反应组合来获得相同的平衡产物浓度。一种提出的反应机理被称为“基于部分氧化的机理”，涉及生物油的部分氧化反应以产生氢气，其中蒸汽重整和水煤气变换反应的程度取决于所用氧气的量。另一种提出的机制被称为“基于完全氧化的机制”，其代表是通过分解，蒸汽重整，水煤气变换和碳气化反应获得的约30％的生物油和氢气的热分解。讨论了这些机制在协助最终选择要用于PEFB生物油工艺的实际ATR中的催化剂的重要性。

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