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首页> 外文期刊>American journal of applied sciences >Discrimination Capacity of RAPD, ISSR and SSR Markers and of their Effectiveness in Establishing Genetic Relationship and Diversity among Egyptian and Saudi Wheat Cultivars | Science Publications
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Discrimination Capacity of RAPD, ISSR and SSR Markers and of their Effectiveness in Establishing Genetic Relationship and Diversity among Egyptian and Saudi Wheat Cultivars | Science Publications

机译：RAPD，ISSR和SSR标记的识别能力及其在建立埃及和沙特小麦品种遗传关系和多样性中的作用科学出版物

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> Problem statement: Yield crop cultivars and landraces are valuable sources of genetic variations that the knowledge and implication of these variations are critical in the plant breeding programs. our major objective of this study is investigating the discriminating capacity of RAPD, ISSR and SSR markers and of their effectiveness in establishing genetic relationship and diversity among Egyptian and Saudi wheat cultivars. Approach: Eleven wheat cultivars and landraces collected from Egypt and Saudi Arabia, five Egyptian wheat (Sakha 93, Sods 1, Sods 4, Gmiza 9 and Sohag 3) and six Saudi wheat landrace cultivars (Hmees, Al-Kaseem, Hegazi, Abo-Sakr, Dubai 1 and Nagran) were characterized using RAPD, ISSR and SSR molecular markers as efficient tools. Ten and nine oligonucleotide primers of RAPD and ISSR respectively and four primer pairs of SSR were used in wheat samples analysis. Only clear and repeatable band profile of 6 RAPD, 8 ISSR and 2 SSR primers were obtained. In RAPD analyses, 74 out of 141 bands (52%) were polymorphic. Results: The number of alleles ranged from 8-21 per primer, with an average of 14.1 per primer. In ISSR analyses, a total of 78 alleles were detected, along with 36 alleles (46%) were polymorphic. The number of alleles per primer ranged from 5-10 with an average of 8.6 alleles per ISSR primer. SSR reactions recorded 6 alleles, of which 5 alleles (83%) were polymorphic. Cluster analysis was conducted using Unweighted Pair Group Method that depends on Arithmetic Average (UPGMA). The dendrogram cluster diagram classified the evaluated genotypes in three major clusters corresponding to the cultivation regions. The first group contains Sakha 93, Sods 1 and Sods 4 with more than 80% Genetic Similarity (GS). The GS between Sakha 93 and Sods 1, Sakha 93 and Sods 4 or Sods 1 and Sods 4 were 83.6%, 83.9 and 85.4 respectively. The second group contains Gmiza 9 and Sohag 3 with GS 83.1%. The third group contains most of the Saudi landrace cultivars, Hmees, Al-Kaseem, Dubai 1, Abo-Sakr and Nagran, which are genetically closed to each other with GS of 81%. The last Saudi wheat landrace cultivar, Hegazi, was falling outside the three major clusters, revealing around 78% similarity with the rest of the five Saudi landrace cultivars. Conclusion/Recommendations: These analyses fit together with geographical distribution of the 11 wheat cultivars and landraces. Moreover, some morphological characterizations as fresh and dry or flowering time between the selected cultivars were analyzed under different salt concentration. We recognized differences in the fresh and dry weight between the selected cultivars. Wheat cultivars Sods 4 and Sohag 3 were the most sensitive cultivars to the salt treatment, while Sods 1 and Sakha 93 cultivars were less sensitive to the salt treatments. Additionally, Sods 4 and Sakha 93 cultivars were the earliest among the five wheat cultivars (flowering time 68.0
机译： > 问题陈述：产量高的品种和地方品种是遗传变异的宝贵来源，这些变异的知识和含义对植物育种计划至关重要。我们这项研究的主要目的是调查RAPD，ISSR和SSR标记的区分能力，以及它们在建立埃及和沙特小麦品种之间的遗传关系和多样性方面的有效性。 方法：从埃及和沙特阿拉伯收集了11个小麦品种和地方品种，5个埃及小麦（Sakha 93，Sods 1，Sods 4，Gmiza 9和Sohag 3）和6个沙特小麦地方品种（Hmees，Al -Kaseem，Hegazi，Abo-Sakr，Dubai 1和Nagran）的特征在于使用RAPD，ISSR和SSR分子标记作为有效工具。小麦样品分析中分别使用了十个和九个RAPD和ISSR寡核苷酸引物以及四对SSR引物。仅获得了6条RAPD，8条ISSR和2条SSR引物的清晰且可重复的条带图谱。在RAPD分析中，141条带中的74条（52％）是多态的。 结果：等位基因的数量在每个引物8-21之间，平均每个引物14.1。在ISSR分析中，共检测到78个等位基因，其中36个等位基因（46％）是多态的。每个引物的等位基因数目为5-10，每个ISSR引物平均为8.6个等位基因。 SSR反应记录了6个等位基因，其中5个等位基因（83％）是多态的。使用不加权对组方法进行聚类分析，该方法取决于算术平均值（UPGMA）。树状图聚类图将评估的基因型分为与种植区域相对应的三个主要聚类。第一组包含具有超过80％遗传相似性（GS）的Sakha 93，Sods 1和Sods 4。 Sakha 93和Sods 1，Sakha 93和Sods 4或Sods 1和Sods 4之间的GS分别为83.6％，83.9和85.4。第二组包含Gmiza 9和Sohag 3，GS为83.1％。第三组包含大多数沙特地方品种，Hmees，Al-Kaseem，Dubai 1，Abo-Sakr和Nagran，它们在遗传上彼此接近，GS值为81％。最后一个沙特小麦地方品种品种Hegazi落在三个主要集群之外，与五个沙特地方品种其余部分的相似性约为78％。 结论/建议：这些分析与11个小麦品种和地方品种的地理分布相吻合。此外，还分析了在不同盐浓度下所选品种之间的新鲜，干燥或开花时间等一些形态特征。我们认识到所选品种之间鲜重和干重的差异。小麦品种Sods 4和Sohag 3对盐处理最敏感，而Sods 1和Sakha 93品种对盐处理较不敏感。另外，Sods 4和Sakha 93品种是五个小麦品种中最早的（开花时间68.0）

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