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首页> 外文期刊>American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture >Estimating Soil Erodibility From Microtopographic Features of Erosion By Rain Under Selected Cropping Systems and Management Practices In Mhong Chun Yen Village, Northern Thailand
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Estimating Soil Erodibility From Microtopographic Features of Erosion By Rain Under Selected Cropping Systems and Management Practices In Mhong Chun Yen Village, Northern Thailand

机译：在泰国北部Mhong Chun Yen村选定的耕作制度和管理措施下，通过雨水侵蚀的微地形特征估算土壤可蚀性

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Protection of soil resources on farm lands is an important issue especially where rain erosion has led todecreasing soil productivity and rural income. For several decades this has been the case with a majority of thefarmers in Mhong Chun Yen Village in Northern Thailand, where the hilly relief makes the land naturally proneto erosion by heavy tropical precipitations. This study investigated the erodibility of the soils as one of thepossible causes of the observable differences in resistance to erosion presented by different cropping systemsand management practices common in the area. The objective was to obtain adequate information necessary forconservation advice on how to prevent further land degradation and improve the livelihoods of the rural farmingpopulation. An easy to use, cheap, rapid and efficient methodology was employed to estimate the erodibiltiy ofthe soils under the most common cropping systems and management practices. The procedure recognizes anduses seven features of microtopography that result from erosion by rain, namely, resisting clods, eroding clods,flow paths, prerills, rills, depressions, and vegetal matter. Several tests on the physical properties of thesefeatures were carried out to provide reliable estimates of the erodibility of the soils: shear vane test, to determinethe soil shear strength; penetrometer test, to evaluate the soil strength; and particle and bulk densitymeasurement, to evaluate the rainfall acceptance of the soil surface. Results obtained showed that erodibility ofthe soils varied among the different cropping systems and management practices. Erodibility was highest wherepresence of cover was poorest, and was least with cropping systems and management practices that providedmore vegetative cover and surface roughness. Also, contour cultivation was shown to be a more sustainablepractice than along- slope tillage operations, while farming on steep slopes invariably increased the erodibilityof the soils.
机译：在农田上保护土壤资源是一个重要问题，尤其是在雨水侵蚀导致土壤生产力和农村收入下降的情况下。几十年来，泰国北部Mhong Chun Yen村的大多数农民都是这种情况，那里的丘陵地形使土地自然受到热带强降水的侵蚀。这项研究调查了土壤的可侵蚀性，这是该地区常见的耕作制度和管理实践所表现出的抗侵蚀性可观察到差异的可能原因之一。目的是获得关于如何防止土地进一步退化和改善农村农业人口生计的养护建议所需的足够信息。采用了一种易于使用，便宜，快速而有效的方法来估算最常见的耕作制度和管理方式下土壤的土壤肥力。该程序识别并利用了因雨水侵蚀而产生的微观形貌的七个特征，即抵御土块，侵蚀土块，流动路径，前钻，小溪，凹陷和植物性物质。对这些特征的物理性能进行了一些测试，以提供对土壤易蚀性的可靠估计：剪切叶片测试，以确定土壤的剪切强度;渗透计测试，以评估土壤强度;以及颗粒和堆积密度测量，以评估土壤表面的降雨接受度。所得结果表明，土壤的易蚀性在不同的耕作制度和管理方式之间有所不同。在覆盖物最差的地方，可蚀性最高，而在种植系统和管理实践中，营养覆盖物和表面粗糙度更高的可蚀性最低。同样，轮廓耕作被证明比沿坡耕作更可持续，而在陡坡上耕作总是增加土壤的易蚀性。

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