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首页> 外文期刊>Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America >Determinants of raw milk quality under a smallholder production system in selected areas of Amhara and Oromia National Regional States, Ethiopia
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Determinants of raw milk quality under a smallholder production system in selected areas of Amhara and Oromia National Regional States, Ethiopia

机译：埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉和奥罗米亚国家区域国家部分地区小农生产系统下原奶质量的决定因素

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摘要

The determinants of raw milk quality were studied in 384 households from six districts of Amhara and Oromia National Regional States, Ethiopia. The analysis revealed that there is a significant difference (P<0.01) in all physico-chemical milk quality parameters among the districts. The overall mean percentages of fat, solid non-fat (SNF) and protein obtained were 5.22, 8.44 and 3.12 in that order. Protein level had positive and negative significant (P<0.01) correlations with lactose and freezing point respectively. Mean total bacterial count (TBC/ml), total coli form count (TCC/ml) and somatic cell count (SCC) were 1.1x108 , 3.0x104 and 5.5x105 , respectively and there were significant differences between study sites. Milk handling and adulteration practices were the most likely causes for the observed difference in microbial quality of raw milk. Breed, parity number, feeding system, farming experience and distance from dairy technology dissemination centers had significant influence on fat and protein percentages. Practicing different dairy technology which is supported with a continuous training on how to manage the farm and integrated with a near proximity veterinary service; stronger milk quality control establishment and quality base payment should be practiced to discourage adulteration.
机译：在来自埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉和奥罗米亚国家区域州六个地区的384户家庭中研究了原料奶质量的决定因素。分析表明，各地区的所有理化牛奶质量参数之间存在显着差异（P <0.01）。所获得的脂肪，固体非脂肪（SNF）和蛋白质的总平均百分比依次为5.22、8.44和3.12。蛋白质水平分别与乳糖和冰点呈正相关和负相关（P <0.01）。平均总细菌数（TBC / ml），大肠菌群总数（TCC / ml）和体细胞数（SCC）分别为1.1x108、3.0x104和5.5x105，研究地点之间存在显着差异。牛奶处理和掺假做法是最有可能导致原料奶微生物质量差异的原因。品种，胎次数，饲喂系统，耕种经验以及距乳品技术传播中心的距离对脂肪和蛋白质的百分比有重大影响。实施不同的乳制品技术，并通过有关如何管理农场的持续培训来支持，并结合了近距离兽医服务;应当加强牛奶质量控制体系的建立和质量基准付款，以防止掺假。

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