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首页> 外文期刊>AMB Express >Evaluation of the endotoxin binding efficiency of clay minerals using the Limulus Amebocyte lysate test: an in vitro study
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Evaluation of the endotoxin binding efficiency of clay minerals using the Limulus Amebocyte lysate test: an in vitro study

机译：使用Li变形细胞溶解物测试评估粘土矿物质的内毒素结合效率：一项体外研究

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Endotoxins are part of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. They are potent immune stimulators and can lead to death if present in high concentrations. Feed additives, which bind endotoxins in the gastrointestinal tract of animals, could help to prevent their negative impact. The objective of our study was to determine the potential of a bentonite (Bentonite 1), a sodium bentonite (Bentonite 2), a chemically treated smectite (Organoclay 1) and a modified attapulgite (Organoclay 2) to bind endotoxins in vitro. Polymyxin B served as positive control. The kinetic chromogenic Limulus Amebocyte lysate test was adapted to measure endotoxin activity. Firstly, a single sorption experiment (10 endotoxin units/mL (EU/mL)) was performed. Polymyxin B and organoclays showed 100% binding efficiency. Secondly, the adsorption efficiency of sorbents in aqueous solution with increasing endotoxin concentrations (2,450 – 51,700 EU/mL) was investigated. Organoclay 1 (0.1%) showed a good binding efficiency in aqueous solution (average 81%), whereas Bentonite 1 (0.1%) obtained a lower binding efficiency (21-54%). The following absorbent capacities were calculated in highest endotoxin concentration: 5.59?mg/g (Organoclay 1)?>?3.97?mg/g (Polymyxin B)?>?2.58mg/g (Organoclay 2)?>?1.55?mg/g (Bentonite 1)?>?1.23?mg/g (Bentonite 2). Thirdly, a sorption experiment in artificial intestinal fluid was conducted. Especially for organoclays, which are known to be unspecific adsorbents, the endotoxin binding capacity was significantly reduced. In contrast, Bentonite 1 showed comparable results in artificial intestinal fluid and aqueous solution. Based on the results of this in vitro study, the effect of promising clay minerals will be investigated in in vivo trials.
机译：内毒素是革兰氏阴性细菌细胞壁的一部分。它们是有效的免疫刺激剂，如果浓度很高，可能导致死亡。与动物胃肠道中的内毒素结合的饲料添加剂可以帮助防止它们的负面影响。我们研究的目的是确定膨润土（膨润土1），钠膨润土（膨润土2），化学处理的蒙脱石（有机粘土1）和改性凹凸棒石（有机粘土2）在体外结合内毒素的潜力。多粘菌素B作为阳性对照。动力学显色Li变形细胞溶解测试适用于测量内毒素活性。首先，进行一次吸附实验（10个内毒素单位/ mL（EU / mL））。多粘菌素B和有机粘土显示100％的结合效率。其次，研究了随着内毒素浓度（2,450 – 51,700 EU / mL）的增加，吸附剂在水溶液中的吸附效率。有机粘土1（0.1％）在水溶液中显示出良好的结合效率（平均81％），而膨润土1（0.1％）获得了较低的结合效率（21-54％）。在最高内毒素浓度下计算出以下吸收能力：5.59？mg / g（有机粘土1）>？3.97？mg / g（多粘菌素B）>？2.58mg / g（有机粘土2）？> 1.55？mg / g g（膨润土1）≥1.23mg/ g（膨润土2）。第三，进行了人工肠液的吸附实验。特别是对于已知为非特异性吸附剂的有机粘土，其内毒素结合能力显着降低。相反，膨润土1在人造肠液和水溶液中显示出可比的结果。根据这项体外研究的结果，将在体内试验中研究有希望的粘土矿物的作用。

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