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首页> 外文期刊>Archiva Zootechnica >Effect of sire, age at first calving, season and year of calving and parity on reproductive performance of Friesian cows under semiarid conditions in Egypt
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Effect of sire, age at first calving, season and year of calving and parity on reproductive performance of Friesian cows under semiarid conditions in Egypt

机译：在埃及半干旱条件下，公牛的头胎，初产犊的年龄，产犊的季节和年份以及胎次对弗里斯兰牛繁殖性能的影响

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The objective of this paper was to study some factors affecting reproductive performance of a locally-born Friesian herd in Egypt. Data of 2096 reproductive records representing 482 Friesian cows daughters of 38 sires raised at the Dairy Unit of Milk and Meat Project of Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt (located at the northern western part of the Nile Delta) between 1985-2002 were utilized to study the effects of sire of the cow, age at first calving (AFC), season and year of calving/birth and parity on period from parturition to first service (FSP), days open (DO), calving interval (CI), number of services per conception (NSC), AFC and breeding efficiency (BE). The least squares mixed model analysis by SAS (1999) indicated that the overall least squares means (± standard error) of FSP, DO, CI, NSC, AFC and BE were 88.4 ± 1.1, 130.7 ± 1.9, 403.1 ± 1.9 days, 2.1 ± 0.1 services, 30.7 ± 0.1 months and 90.1 ± 0.6 %, respectively. Sire had highly significant (P<0.01) effect on DO, CI, NSC and AFC, but had insignificant effect on FSP and BE. The influence of AFC on FSP was highly significant (P<0.01) and not significant on DO CI, NSC and BE. Cows had AFC more than 36 months had the longest FSP (92.6±4.5) and cows had AFC less than 29 months of age had 87.8±2.7 days FSP. Season of calving had significant effect on FSP (P<0.01), DO and CI (P<0.05), but had insignificant effect on NSC. Season of birth had no significant effect on both AFC and BE. Cows calving in autumn had the shortest CI (394.3±4.7 days) comparing with those calved in other seasons (ranged between 404.8±6.5 and 409.4±5.2 days). Cows calving in autumn also had the shortest DO (122.6±4.8 days). Year of calving/birth had significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01) effect on all traits studied. A decreasing efficiency in reproductive performance of cows was observed over time. The shortest FSP and DO were in the period 1988 to 1990 (64.3±5.3 and 98.1±8.9 days, respectively) and the longest were in the period 2000 to 2002 (107.5±5.2 and 188.1±8.8 days, respectively). Calving interval increased from 371 days in 1988-1990 tin 2000-2002. NSC increased during 1985-1990 from 1.7 services to 2.3 during the period 1991 to 1999. Breeding efficiency deteriorated from 96.7% in 1982-1984 to 84.8% in 1994-1996 and AFC increased from 30.8 to 33.8 months during the same periods. Parity had highly significant effect (P<0.01) on FSP, DO and CIand had insignificant effect on NSC. Generally, FSP, DO and CI decreased with increasing parity. The results of the present study showed that sire of the cow, managerial systems and appropriate environmental conditions have significantly effects on reproductive efficiency of Friesian cows of the herd under investigation. The highly significant (P<0.01) effect of sire on DO, CI, NSC and AFC indicating that sire selection may be used as a useful tool for the genetic improvement of these reproductive traitso 450 days
机译：本文的目的是研究影响埃及本地出生的弗里斯兰牛群繁殖性能的一些因素。利用了2096年的生殖记录数据，这些数据代表了1985-2002年在埃及亚历山大大学农业学院的牛奶和肉类项目的牛奶和肉类项目（位于尼罗河三角洲的西北部）饲养的38个父本的482弗里斯兰牛的女儿。研究母牛的父亲，初产犊的年龄（AFC），产犊/出生的季节和年份以及胎次对从分娩到首次服务期间（FSP），休产期（DO），产犊间隔（CI）的影响，每个概念（NSC），AFC和育种效率（BE）的服务数量。 SAS（1999）的最小二乘混合模型分析表明，FSP，DO，CI，NSC，AFC和BE的整体最小二乘均值（±标准误差）为88.4±1.1、130.7±1.9、403.1±1.9天，2.1 ±0.1服务，30.7±0.1个月和90.1±0.6％。 ire麻对DO，CI，NSC和AFC的影响极显着（P <0.01），但对FSP和BE的影响不显着。 AFC对FSP的影响极显着（P <0.01），而对DO CI，NSC和BE的影响不显着。 AFC超过36个月的母牛的FSP最长（92.6±4.5），而AFC少于29个月的母牛的FSP则为87.8±2.7天。产犊季节对FSP（P <0.01），DO和CI（P <0.05）有显着影响，但对NSC的影响不显着。出生季节对AFC和BE均无明显影响。与其他季节（在404.8±6.5到409.4±5.2天之间）相比，秋天产犊的牛的CI最短（394.3±4.7天）。秋季产犊的母牛的DO也最短（122.6±4.8天）。产犊/出生年份对所有研究的性状都有显着影响（P <0.05或P <0.01）。随着时间的推移，观察到母牛生殖性能的效率下降。 FSP和DO的最短时间是1988年至1990年（分别为64.3±5.3天和98.1±8.9天），最长的是2000年至2002年（分别为107.5±5.2天和188.1±8.8天）。产犊间隔从1988-1990年的371天增加到2000-2002年的间隔。 1985-1990年间，国家安全委员会的服务数量从1.7个增加到1991年至1999年的2.3个。繁殖效率从1982-1984年的96.7％降至1994-1996年的84.8％，AFC从同期的30.8个月增加到33.8个月。奇偶校验对FSP，DO和CI的影响极显着（P <0.01），对NSC的影响不显着。通常，FSP，DO和CI随着奇偶校验的增加而降低。本研究的结果表明，母牛的父亲，管理系统和适当的环境条件对受调查牛群的黑白花牛的生殖效率具有显着影响。父本对DO，CI，NSC和AFC的高度显着（P <0.01）作用表明，选择父本可以用作遗传改良这些生殖性状的有效工具，约450天

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