This article deals with the technology and principles of the laser cutting of ductile cast iron. The properties of the CO2 laser beam, input parameters of the laser cutting, assist gases, the interaction of cut material and the stability of cutting process are described. The commonly used material (nodular cast iron - share of about 25% of all castings on the market) and the method of the laser cutting of that material, including the technological parameters that influence the cutting edge, are characterized. Next, the application and use of this method in mechanical engineering practice is described, focusing on fixing and renovation of mechanical components such as removing the inflow gate from castings with the desired quality of the cut, without the further using of the chip machining technology. Experimental samples from the nodular cast iron were created by using different technological parameters of laser cutting. The heat affected zone (HAZ), its width, microstructure and roughness parameter Pt was monitored on the experimental samples (of thickness t = 13 mm). The technological parameters that were varied during the experiments included the type of assist gases (N2 and O2), to be more specific the ratio of gases, and the cutting speed, which ranged from 1.6 m/min to 0.32 m/min. Both parameters were changed until the desired properties were achieved.
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机译：本文讨论了球墨铸铁的激光切割技术和原理。描述了CO2激光束的特性，激光切割的输入参数，辅助气体，切割材料的相互作用以及切割过程的稳定性。对常用材料（球墨铸铁-市场上所有铸件的约25％的份额）以及该材料的激光切割方法（包括影响切削刃的技术参数）进行了表征。接下来，将描述该方法在机械工程实践中的应用和使用，重点在于机械部件的固定和翻新，例如从铸件上移除具有所需切割质量的浇口，而无需进一步使用切屑加工技术。通过使用不同的激光切割技术参数，从球墨铸铁中获得了实验样品。在实验样品（厚度t = 13 mm）上监测热影响区（HAZ），其宽度，微观结构和粗糙度参数Pt。实验期间改变的技术参数包括辅助气体的类型（N2和O2），更具体地讲，气体的比例以及切割速度在1.6 m / min至0.32 m / min的范围内。更改两个参数，直到获得所需的属性。
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