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Asthma: epidemiology of disease control in Latin America – short review

机译：哮喘：拉丁美洲疾病控制的流行病学-简短评论

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Asthma is reported as one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood, impairing the quality of life of patients and their families and incurring high costs to the healthcare system and society. Despite the development of new drugs and the availability of international treatment guidelines, asthma is still poorly controlled, especially in Latin America. Original and review articles on asthma control or epidemiology with high levels of evidence have been selected for analysis among those published in PubMed referenced journals during the last 20?years, using the following keywords: “asthma control” combined with “Latin America”, ” epidemiology”, “prevalence”, “burden”, “mortality”, “treatment and unmet needs”, “children”, “adolescents”, and “infants”. There was a high prevalence and severity of asthma during the period analyzed, especially in children and adolescents. Wheezing in infants was a significant reason for seeking medical care in Latin American health centers. Moreover, the frequent use of quick-relief bronchodilators and oral corticosteroids by these patients indicates the lack of a policy for providing better care for asthmatic patients, as well as poor asthma control. Among adults, studies document poor treatment and control of the disease, as revealed by low adherence to routine anti-inflammatory medications and high rates of emergency care visits and hospitalization. In conclusion, although rare, studies on asthma control in Latin America repeatedly show that patients are inadequately controlled and frequently overestimate their degree of asthma control according to the criteria used by international asthma treatment guidelines. Additional education for doctors and patients is essential for adequate control of this illness, and therefore also for reduction of the individual and social burden of asthma.
机译：据报道，哮喘是儿童时期最常见的慢性疾病之一，它损害了患者及其家人的生活质量，并给医疗保健系统和社会带来了高昂的代价。尽管开发了新药并获得了国际治疗指南，但哮喘的控制仍然很差，尤其是在拉丁美洲。在过去20年中，使用PubMed参考期刊发表的有关哮喘控制或流行病学的原始和综述文章均具有较高的证据水平，这些关键词使用以下关键词进行了分析：“哮喘控制”和“拉丁美洲”，“流行病学”，“患病率”，“负担”，“死亡率”，“治疗和未满足的需求”，“儿童”，“青少年”和“婴儿”。在所分析的时期内，哮喘的患病率和严重性很高，尤其是在儿童和青少年中。婴儿喘息是在拉丁美洲健康中心寻求医疗护理的重要原因。而且，这些患者频繁使用速效支气管扩张药和口服皮质类固醇表明缺乏为哮喘患者提供更好护理以及哮喘控制不佳的政策。在成年人中，研究表明该疾病的治疗和控制不佳，这表现为对常规抗炎药的依从性低，急诊就诊和住院率高。总之，尽管很少见，但拉丁美洲对哮喘控制的研究反复表明，根据国际哮喘治疗指南使用的标准，患者的控制不足，并经常高估了他们的哮喘控制程度。对医生和患者进行额外的培训对于充分控制这种疾病至关重要，因此对于减轻哮喘的个人和社会负担也必不可少。

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