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Comparison of methods for evaluation of wood smoke and estimation of UK ambient concentrations

机译：比较评估木材烟雾和估算英国环境浓度的方法

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Airborne concentrations of the wood smoke tracers, levoglucosan and finepotassium have been measured at urban and rural sites in the United Kingdomalongside measurements with a multi-wavelength aethalometer. The UK sites,and especially those in cities, show low ratios of levoglucosan to potassiumin comparison to the majority of published data. It is concluded that theremay be two distinct source types, one from wood stoves and fireplaces with ahigh organic carbon content, best represented by levoglucosan, the otherfrom larger, modern appliances with a very high burn-out efficiency, bestrepresented by potassium. Based upon levoglucosan concentrations and aconversion factor of 11.2 from levoglucosan to wood smoke mass, averageconcentrations of wood smoke including winter and summer sampling periodsare 0.23 μg m?3 in Birmingham and 0.33 μg m?3 inLondon, well below concentrations typical of other northern European urbanareas. There may be a further contribution from sources of potassium-richemissions amounting to an estimated 0.08 μg m?3 in Birminghamand 0.30 μg m?3 in London. Concentrations were highly correlatedbetween two London sites separated by 4 km suggesting that a regional sourceis responsible. Data from the aethalometer are either supportive of theseconclusions or suggest higher concentrations, depending upon the way inwhich the data are analysed.
机译：在英国的城市和农村地区，已经使用多波长测湿仪对木烟示踪剂，左旋葡聚糖和细钾在空气中的浓度进行了测量。与大多数已发布数据相比，英国站点，尤其是城市站点的左旋葡聚糖与钾的比率较低。结论是，可能存在两种不同的来源类型，一种来自具有高有机碳含量的木灶和壁炉，最好以左旋葡聚糖为代表，另一种来自具有很高燃尽效率的大型现代器具，最好以钾为代表。根据左旋葡聚糖的浓度和从左旋葡聚糖到木烟质量的11.2转换因子，伯明翰的包括冬季和夏季采样期在内的木烟平均浓度为0.23μgm 3 ，为0.33μgm ？3 < / sup>在伦敦，远低于其他北欧城市地区的典型浓度。伯明翰的钾富集量估计为0.08μgm ？3 还有伦敦的0.30μgm ？3 还有更多的贡献。伦敦的两个站点之间的浓度高度相关，相距4 km，表明区域来源负责。根据测定数据的方式，来自湿度计的数据要么支持这些结论，要么建议更高的浓度。

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